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Change and local spatial variation are missing in canonical General Relativity's observables as usually defined, part of the problem of time. Definitions can be tested using equivalent formulations, non-gauge and gauge, because they must…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-03-06 J. Brian Pitts

We study the theory of systems with constraints from the point of view of the formal theory of partial differential equations. For finite-dimensional systems we show that the Dirac algorithm completes the equations of motion to an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Werner M. Seiler , Robin W. Tucker

A new canonical transformation is found that enables the direct canonical treatment of the conformal factor in general relativity. The resulting formulation significantly simplifies the previously presented conformal geometrodynamics. It…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Charles H. -T. Wang

We give an SU(2) covariant representation of the constraints of Euclidean general relativity in the Ashtekar variables. The guiding principle is the use of triads to transform all free spatial indices into SU(2) indices. A central role is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Glenn Barnich , Viqar Husain

An elementary presentation of the methods for the canonical quantization of constraint systems with Fermi variables is given. The emphasis is on the subtleties of the construction of an appropriate classical bracket that could be…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-11-15 Marcin Kaźmierczak

The quantization of General Relativity invariant with respect to time-reparametrizations is considered. We construct the Faddeev-Popov generating functional for the unitary perturbation theory in terms of invariants of the kinemetric group…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Pawlowski , V. N. Pervushin , V. I. Smirichinski

The minimal Hamiltonian for a family of relativistic rotators is constructed by a direct application of the Dirac procedure for constrained systems. The Hamiltonian equations can be easily solved. It is found that the resulting motion is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-01-17 Łukasz Bratek

Different routes towards the canonical formulation of a classical theory result in different canonically equivalent Hamiltonians, while their quantum counterparts are related through appropriate unitary transformation. However, for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-29 Abhik Kumar Sanyal

We review the Dirac formalism for dealing with constraints in a canonical Hamiltonian formulation and discuss gauge freedom and display constraints for gauge theories in a general context. We introduce the Dirac bracket and show that it…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-07-21 Jon Allen , Richard A. Matzner

We consider the standard problem of observational astronomy, i.e. the observations of light emission from a distant region of spacetime in general relativity. The goal is to describe the changes between the measurements of the light…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-02 Michele Grasso , Mikołaj Korzyński , Julius Serbenta

Dirac's quantization of the Maxwell theory on non-commutative spaces has been considered. First class constraints were found which are the same as in classical electrodynamics. The gauge covariant quantization of the non-linear equations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. I. Kruglov

It is widely accepted that the fundamental geometrical law of nature should follow from an action principle. The particular subset of transformations of a system's dynamical variables that maintain the form of the action principle comprises…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-24 Jürgen Struckmeier

The framework of the Covariant Canonical Gauge theory of Gravity (CCGG) is described in detail. CCGG emerges naturally in the Palatini formulation, where the vierbein and the spin connection are independent fields. Neither torsion nor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-22 David Vasak , Jürgen Struckmeier

Full general relativity is almost certainly 'chaotic'. We argue that this entails a notion of nonintegrability: a generic general relativistic model, at least when coupled to cosmologically interesting matter, likely possesses neither…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-06-01 Bianca Dittrich , Philipp A. Hoehn , Tim A. Koslowski , Mike I. Nelson

For relativistic particles with spin 1/2, which are described by the Dirac equation, a semiclassical trace formula is introduced that incorporates expectation values of observables in eigenstates of the Dirac-Hamiltonian. Furthermore, the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2022-10-12 Jens Bolte

The paper is devoted to the formulation of quantum field theory for an early universe in General Relativity considered as the Dirac general constrained system. The main idea is the Hamiltonian reduction of the constrained system in terms of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 V. N. Pervushin , V. I. Smirichinski

Continuous generalizations of the Fibonacci sequence satisfy ODEs that are formal analogues of the Friedmann equation describing spatially homogeneous and isotropic cosmology in general relativity. These analogies are presented, together…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-28 Valerio Faraoni , Farah Atieh

I present a complete set of gauge invariant observables, in the context of general relativity coupled with a minimal amount of realistic matter (four particles). These observables have a straightforward and realistic physical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Carlo Rovelli

The various phase spaces involved in the dynamics of parametrized nonrelativistic Hamiltonian systems are displayed by using Crnkovic and Witten's covariant canonical formalism. It is also pointed out that in Dirac's canonical formalism…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Mauricio Mondragon , Merced Montesinos

As a preparation for its quantization in the loop formalism, the 2-dimensional gravitation model of Jackiw and Teitelboim is analysed in the classical canonical formalism. The dynamics is of pure constraints as it is well-known. A partial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Clisthenis P. Constantinidis , Jose Andre Lourenco , Ivan Morales , Olivier Piguet , Alex Rios