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Related papers: Hyperbolicity of the BSSN system of Einstein evolu…

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We have recently constructed a numerical code that evolves a spherically symmetric spacetime using a hyperbolic formulation of Einstein's equations. For the case of a Schwarzschild black hole, this code works well at early times, but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Mark A. Scheel , Thomas W. Baumgarte , Gregory B. Cook , Stuart L. Shapiro , Saul A. Teukolsky

The Einstein evolution equations are studied in a gauge given by a combination of the constant mean curvature and spatial harmonic coordinate conditions. This leads to a coupled quasilinear elliptic--hyperbolic system of evolution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Lars Andersson , Vincent Moncrief

We construct a numerical relativity code based on the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura (BSSN) formulation for the gravitational quadratic $f(R)$ Starobinsky model. By removing the assumption that the determinant of the conformal 3-metric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-02 Ulrich K. Beckering Vinckers , Álvaro de la Cruz-Dombriz , Denis Pollney

A first order symmetric hyperbolic tetrad formulation of the Einstein equations developed by Estabrook and Wahlquist and put into a form suitable for numerical relativity by Buchman and Bardeen (the WEBB formulation) is adapted to explicit…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 L. T. Buchman , J. M. Bardeen

It was shown recently that the constraints on the initial data for Einstein's equations may be posed as an evolutionary problem [9]. In one of the proposed two methods the constraints can be replaced by a first order symmetrizable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-09 István Rácz , Jeffrey Winicour

We present numerical solutions of several spacetimes of physical interest, including binary black hole mergers, in shift-symmetric Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (ESGB) gravity, and describe our methods for solving the full equations of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-25 William E. East , Justin L. Ripley

By employing the Bianchi identities for the Riemann tensor in conjunction with the Einstein equations, we construct a first order symmetric hyperbolic system for the evolution part of the Cauchy problem of general relativity. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-27 Arlen Anderson , Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat , James W. York,

We perform simulations in a gravitational collapsing model using the Einstein equations. In this paper, we review the equations for constructing the initial values and the evolution form of the Einstein equations called the BSSN…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-07 Takuya Tsuchiya , Ryosuke Urakawa , Gen Yoneda

The pulsation equations for spherically symmetric black hole and soliton solutions are brought into a standard form. The formulae apply to a large class of field theoretical matter models and can easily be worked out for specific examples.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 O. Brodbeck , M. Heusler , N. Straumann

We consider a complex scalar field minimally coupled to gravity and to a U(1) gauge symmetry and we construct of a first order symmetric hyperbolic evolution system for the Einstein-Maxwell-Klein-Gordon system. Our analysis is based on a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-04-04 Daniela Pugliese , Juan A. Valiente Kroon

The puncture method for dealing with black holes in the numerical simulation of vacuum spacetimes is remarkably successful when combined with the BSSN formulation of the Einstein equations. We examine a generalized class of formulations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-06-10 Helvi Witek , David Hilditch , Ulrich Sperhake

A new constraint suppressing formulation of the Einstein evolution equations is presented, generalizing the five-parameter first-order system due to Kidder, Scheel and Teukolsky (KST). The auxiliary fields, introduced to make the KST system…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Robert Owen

Numerical integration of the field equations in bimetric relativity is necessary to obtain solutions describing realistic systems. Thus, it is crucial to recast the equations as a well-posed problem. In general relativity, under certain…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-09 Francesco Torsello , Mikica Kocic , Marcus Högås , Edvard Mörtsell

A possible definition of strong/symmetric hyperbolicity for a second-order system of evolution equations is that it admits a reduction to first order which is strongly/symmetric hyperbolic. We investigate the general system that admits a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Carsten Gundlach , Jose M. Martin-Garcia

Two first order strongly hyperbolic formulations of scalar-tensor theories of gravity (STT) allowing nonminimal couplings (Jordan frame) are presented along the lines of the 3+1 decomposition of spacetime. One is based on the Bona-Masso…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Marcelo Salgado , David Martinez-del Rio , Miguel Alcubierre , Dario Núñez

A new representation of the Einstein evolution equations is presented that is first order, linearly degenerate, and symmetric hyperbolic. This new system uses the generalized harmonic method to specify the coordinates, and exponentially…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-21 Lee Lindblom , Mark A. Scheel , Lawrence E. Kidder , Robert Owen , Oliver Rinne

This paper investigates the dynamic behavior of static, spherically symmetric black holes within the Einstein-Bumblebee gravity model with a cosmological constant, focusing on scalar field perturbations. Through separation of the angular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-08 Hao Hu , Guoxiong Zhu

Einstein's equations for general relativity, when viewed as a dynamical system for evolving initial data, have a serious flaw: they cannot be proven to be well-posed (except in special coordinates). That is, they do not produce unique…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-27 Arlen Anderson , James W. York,

We present simulations of the Einstein-Maxwell-Klein-Gordon system on compactified hyperboloidal slices. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this setup is evolved with a common formulation like BSSN/Z4. Hyperboloidal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-10 João D. Álvares , Alex Vaño-Viñuales

We discuss several explicitly causal hyperbolic formulations of Einstein's dynamical 3+1 equations in a coherent way, emphasizing throughout the fundamental role of the ``slicing function,'' $\alpha$---the quantity that relates the lapse…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Arlen Anderson , Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat , James W. York