Related papers: Quantum Inequalities for the Electromagnetic Field
In curved spacetime, Maxwell's equations can be expressed in forms valid in Minkowski background, with the effect of the metric (gravity) appearing as effective polarizations and magnetizations. The electric and magnetic (EM) fields depend…
Building on the "quantum inequalities" introduced by Ford, I argue that the negative local energies encountered in quantum field theory can only be observed by detectors with positive energies at least as great in magnitude. This means that…
We derive Maxwell equations for electric and magnetic fields in curved spacetime from first principles, relaxing an unnecessary assumption on the structure of the four-potential inherent to the standard approach and thus restoring the full…
Quantum matter in quantum space-time is discussed using general properties of energy-conservation laws. As a rather radical conclusion, it is found that standard methods of differential geometry and quantum field theory on curved space-time…
In absence of currents and charges the quantized electromagnetic field can be described by wave functions which for each individual wave vector are normalized to one. The resulting formalism involves reducible representations of the…
Based on the concept of curved spacetime in Einsteinian General Relativity, the field theories and their quantum theories in the curved octonion spaces etc are discussed. The research results discover the close relationships of the curved…
We construct a particular class of quantum states for a massless, minimally coupled free scalar field which are of the form of a superposition of the vacuum and multi-mode two-particle states. These states can exhibit local negative energy…
Here we describe the quantum limit to measurement of the classical gravitational field. Specifically, we write down the optimal quantum Cramer-Rao lower bound, for any single parameter describing a metric for spacetime. The standard…
I present some general ideas about quantum entanglement in relativistic quantum field theory, especially entanglement in the physical vacuum. Here, entanglement is defined between different single particle states (or modes), parameterized…
Quantum fields are well known to violate the weak energy condition of general relativity: the renormalised energy density at any given point is unbounded from below as a function of the quantum state. By contrast, for the scalar and…
Field mediated entanglement experiments probe the quantum superposition of macroscopically distinct field configurations. We show that this phenomenon can be described by using a transparent quantum field theoretical formulation of…
It is well known that the energy density of a quantum state can be negative. It has been shown that there are limits on this negative energy density which are called the quantum inequalities. In this paper we will demonstrate an example of…
Quantum energy inequalities (QEIs) express restrictions on the extent to which weighted averages of the renormalized energy density can take negative expectation values within a quantum field theory. Here we derive, for the first time, QEIs…
In quantum field theory, coherent states can be created that have negative energy density, meaning it is below that of empty space, the free quantum vacuum. If no restrictions existed regarding the concentration and permanence of negative…
The modes of the electromagnetic field are solutions of Maxwell's equations taking into account the material boundary conditions. The field modes of classical optics - properly normalized - are also the mode functions of quantum optics.…
The so-called "Quantum Inequalities", and the "Quantum Interest Conjecture", use quantum field theory to impose significant restrictions on the temporal distribution of the energy density measured by a time-like observer, potentially…
The problem of unification of Gravitation and Electromagnetism in four dimensions; some new ideas involving mixtures of commuting and anti-commuting co-ordinates. Maxwell's equations are extracted in terms of the curvature of the…
This study introduces the quantum force wave equation (QFWE) as a general theory of quantum forces, a novel framework that redefines quantum forces as emergent phenomena arising from the interaction between quantum particles and curved…
The quantum mechanics description of a physical object stretched in space and stable in time from the relativistic space-time properties point of view, introduced in special theory of relativity, is considered and analysed. The mathematical…
We present a quantum energy inequality (QEI) for quantum field theories formulated in non-commutative spacetimes, extending fundamental energy constraints to this generalized geometric framework. By leveraging operator-theoretic methods…