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Given a set S of n \geq d points in general position in R^d, a random hyperplane split is obtained by sampling d points uniformly at random without replacement from S and splitting based on their affine hull. A random hyperplane search tree…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2011-06-03 Luc Devroye , James King

We present a new efficient method for approximate search in electronic lexica. Given an input string (the pattern) and a similarity threshold, the algorithm retrieves all entries of the lexicon that are sufficiently similar to the pattern.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-04 Stefan Gerdjikov , Stoyan Mihov , Petar Mitankin , Klaus U. Schulz

In 1960, R\'enyi asked for the number of random queries necessary to recover a hidden bijective labeling of n distinct objects. In each query one selects a random subset of labels and asks, what is the set of objects that have these labels?…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-05-09 Michael Drmota , Abram Magner , Wojciech Szpankowski

Enclosing depth is a recently introduced depth measure which gives a lower bound to many depth measures studied in the literature. So far, enclosing depth has only been studied from a combinatorial perspective. In this work, we give the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Bernd Gärtner , Fatime Rasiti , Patrick Schnider

In the critical beta-splitting model of a random $n$-leaf binary tree, leaf-sets are recursively split into subsets, and a set of $m$ leaves is split into subsets containing $i$ and $m-i$ leaves with probabilities proportional to…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-09 David Aldous , Boris Pittel

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional reasoning abilities, enabling strong generalization across diverse tasks such as commonsense reasoning and instruction following. However, as LLMs scale, inference costs become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Rhea Sanjay Sukthanker , Benedikt Staffler , Frank Hutter , Aaron Klein

This paper introduces ThoughtProbe, a novel inference time framework that leverages the hidden reasoning features of Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve their reasoning performance. Unlike previous works that manipulate the hidden…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zijian Wang , Chang Xu

Rebalancing schemes for dynamic binary search trees are numerous in the literature, where the goal is to maintain trees of low height, either in the worst-case or expected sense. In this paper we study randomized rebalancing schemes for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Gerth Stølting Brodal

The random access problem for compressed strings is to build a data structure that efficiently supports accessing the character in position $i$ of a string given in compressed form. Given a grammar of size $n$ compressing a string of size…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-01-27 Patrick Hagge Cording

We consider the problem of estimating the conditional probability of a label in time $O(\log n)$, where $n$ is the number of possible labels. We analyze a natural reduction of this problem to a set of binary regression problems organized in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-06-04 Alina Beygelzimer , John Langford , Yuri Lifshits , Gregory Sorkin , Alex Strehl

We introduce a scalable searching algorithm for finding nodes and contents in random networks with Power-Law (PL) and heavy-tailed degree distributions. The network is searched using a probabilistic broadcast algorithm, where a query…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Nima Sarshar , P. Oscar Boykin , Vwani P. Roychowdhury

Over the past decade, a long line of research has investigated the distributed complexity landscape of locally checkable labeling (LCL) problems on bounded-degree graphs, culminating in an almost-complete classification on general graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Alkida Balliu , Sebastian Brandt , Fabian Kuhn , Dennis Olivetti , Gustav Schmid

Levin Tree Search (LTS) (Orseau et al., 2018) is a search algorithm for deterministic environments that uses a user-specified policy to guide the search. It comes with a formal guarantee on the number of search steps (node visits) for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Laurent Orseau , Marcus Hutter , Levi H. S. Lelis

We focus on the average-case analysis: A function w : V -> Z+ is given which defines the likelihood for a node to be the one marked, and we want the strategy that minimizes the expected number of queries. Prior to this paper, very little…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-08-10 Ferdinando Cicalese , Tobias Jacobs , Eduardo Laber , Marco Molinaro

Two recent lower bounds on the compressibility of repetitive sequences, $\delta \le \gamma$, have received much attention. It has been shown that a length-$n$ string $S$ over an alphabet of size $\sigma$ can be represented within the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Tomasz Kociumaka , Gonzalo Navarro , Francisco Olivares

An L(2,1)-labeling of a graph $G$ is an assignment $f$ from the vertex set $V(G)$ to the set of nonnegative integers such that $|f(x)-f(y)|\ge 2$ if $x$ and $y$ are adjacent and $|f(x)-f(y)|\ge 1$ if $x$ and $y$ are at distance 2, for all…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-11-25 Toru Hasunuma , Toshimasa Ishii , Hirotaka Ono , Yushi Uno

In this paper we investigate the problem of building a static data structure that represents a string s using space close to its compressed size, and allows fast access to individual characters of s. This type of structures was investigated…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-05-04 Shiteng Chen , Elad Verbin , Wei Yu

We consider the top tree compression scheme introduced by Bille et al. [ICALP 2013] and construct an infinite family of trees on $n$ nodes labeled from an alphabet of size $\sigma$, for which the size of the top DAG is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-01-04 Bartłomiej Dudek , Paweł Gawrychowski

Partial label learning (PLL) is a significant weakly supervised learning framework, where each training example corresponds to a set of candidate labels and only one label is the ground-truth label. For the first time, this paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Yutong Xie , Fuchao Yang , Yuheng Jia

Given partially observed pairwise comparison data generated by the Bradley-Terry-Luce (BTL) model, we study the problem of top-$k$ ranking. That is, to optimally identify the set of top-$k$ players. We derive the minimax rate with respect…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-16 Pinhan Chen , Chao Gao , Anderson Y. Zhang