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The rapid development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has enabled the integration of multiple modalities, including texts and images, within the large language model (LLM) framework. However, texts and images are usually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yi Fang , Bowen Jin , Jiacheng Shen , Sirui Ding , Qiaoyu Tan , Jiawei Han

E-learning systems should deliver contents that reflect various phenomena of the language as it is used. In addition to formal Korean, e-learning systems that would include real-world Korean expressions such as those in web documents,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Sang-Taek Park , Ae-Lim Ahn , Eric Laporte , Jee-Sun Nam

Recent works have shown the effectiveness of Large Vision Language Models (VLMs or LVLMs) in image manipulation detection. However, text manipulation detection is largely missing in these studies. We bridge this knowledge gap by analyzing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Vidit Vidit , Pavel Korshunov , Amir Mohammadi , Christophe Ecabert , Ketan Kotwal , Sébastien Marcel

The use of model such as LEL (Lexicon Extended Language) in natural language is very interesting in Requirements Engineering. But LEL, even if it is derived from the Universe of Discourse (UofD) does not provide further details on the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-01-08 Jean Luc Razafindramintsa , Thomas Mahatody , Josvah Paul Razafimandimby

Recent advances in text-to-image synthesis make it possible to visualize machine imaginations for a given context. On the other hand, when generating text, human writers are gifted at creative visualization, which enhances their writings by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Wanrong Zhu , An Yan , Yujie Lu , Wenda Xu , Xin Eric Wang , Miguel Eckstein , William Yang Wang

Masked language modeling (MLM) has been one of the most popular pretraining recipes in natural language processing, e.g., BERT, one of the representative models. Recently, contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) has also attracted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Zhihong Chen , Guiming Hardy Chen , Shizhe Diao , Xiang Wan , Benyou Wang

Natural language applied to natural 2D images describes a fundamentally 3D world. We present the Voxel-informed Language Grounder (VLG), a language grounding model that leverages 3D geometric information in the form of voxel maps derived…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Rodolfo Corona , Shizhan Zhu , Dan Klein , Trevor Darrell

ECLAIR is a Prolog-based prototype system aiming to provide a functionally complete environment for the study, development and evaluation of programming language analysis and implementation tools. In this paper, we sketch the overall…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2007-11-06 Roberto Bagnara , Patricia Hill , Enea Zaffanella

We utilise Richards-Engelhardt framework as a tool for understanding Natural Language Processing systems diagrams. Through four examples from scholarly proceedings, we find that the application of the framework to this ecological and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Guy Clarke Marshall , Caroline Jay , André Freitas

We train a language model to generate LEGO-brick build sequences. While prior work has been restricted to discrete, voxel-like towers, we consider a much broader set of pieces, encompassing thousands of part types with diverse connection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Peter Kulits , Cordelia Schmid

To effectively reduce the visual tokens in Visual Large Language Models (VLLMs), we propose a novel approach called Window Token Concatenation (WiCo). Specifically, we employ a sliding window to concatenate spatially adjacent visual tokens.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yifan Li , Wentao Bao , Botao Ye , Zhen Tan , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu , Yu Kong

We apply definition generators based on open-weights large language models to the task of creating explanations of novel senses, taking target word usages as an input. To this end, we employ the datasets from the AXOLOTL'24 shared task on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Mariia Fedorova , Andrey Kutuzov , Francesco Periti , Yves Scherrer

We present YORO - a multi-modal transformer encoder-only architecture for the Visual Grounding (VG) task. This task involves localizing, in an image, an object referred via natural language. Unlike the recent trend in the literature of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Chih-Hui Ho , Srikar Appalaraju , Bhavan Jasani , R. Manmatha , Nuno Vasconcelos

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are gaining traction for their remarkable ability to process and integrate visual and textual data. Despite their popularity, the capacity of LVLMs to generate precise, fine-grained textual descriptions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yuhang Huang , Zihan Wu , Chongyang Gao , Jiawei Peng , Xu Yang

Multimodal pre-training with text, layout, and image has achieved SOTA performance for visually-rich document understanding tasks recently, which demonstrates the great potential for joint learning across different modalities. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Yiheng Xu , Tengchao Lv , Lei Cui , Guoxin Wang , Yijuan Lu , Dinei Florencio , Cha Zhang , Furu Wei

This paper presents an integrated tool for German morphology and statistical part-of-speech tagging which aims at making some well established methods widely available. The software is very user friendly, runs on any PC and can be…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Wolfgang Lezius , Reinhard Rapp , Manfred Wettler

Existing visual token compression methods for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) predominantly operate as post-encoder modules, limiting their potential for efficiency gains. To address this limitation, we propose LaCo (Layer-wise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Juntao Liu , Liqiang Niu , Wenchao Chen , Jie Zhou , Fandong Meng

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements in natural language understanding. However, through that enormous semantic representation that the LLM has learnt, is it somehow possible for it to understand images as well?…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Mu Cai , Zeyi Huang , Yuheng Li , Utkarsh Ojha , Haohan Wang , Yong Jae Lee

An exciting frontier in natural language understanding (NLU) and generation (NLG) calls for (vision-and-) language models that can efficiently access external structured knowledge repositories. However, many existing knowledge bases only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Houda Alberts , Teresa Huang , Yash Deshpande , Yibo Liu , Kyunghyun Cho , Clara Vania , Iacer Calixto

Multimodal foundation models have demonstrated strong generalization, yet their ability to transfer knowledge to specialized domains such as garment generation remains underexplored. We introduce VLG, a vision-language-garment model that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jan Ackermann , Kiyohiro Nakayama , Guandao Yang , Tong Wu , Gordon Wetzstein