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The "external" or "bulk" motion of extended bodies is studied in general relativity. Compact material objects of essentially arbitrary shape, spin, internal composition, and velocity are allowed as long as there is no direct…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-06-07 Abraham I. Harte

Using the recent incremental modelling, it is shown that the trajectory of a sample in the phase space of soil mechanics in the vicinity of the critical state is not governed by the rigidity matrix, but by its variations. The…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Evesque

Considering light transport in disordered media, the medium is often treated as an effective medium requiring accurate evaluation of an effective refractive index. Because of its simplicity, the Maxwell-Garnett (MG) mixing rule is widely…

Optics · Physics 2023-06-01 Dominic T. Meiers , Georg von Freymann

The overall behavior of a 2D lattice of voids embedded in an anisotropic matrix is investigated in the limit of vanishing porosity f. An effective-medium model (of the Hashin-Shtrikman type) which accounts for elastic interactions between…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-09-19 Francois Willot , Yves-Patrick Pellegrini , Martin I. Idiart , Pedro Ponte Castaneda

More than 30 years ago Edwards and co-authors proposed a model to describe the statistics of granular packings by an ensemble of equiprobable jammed states. Experimental tests of this model remained scarce so far. We introduce a simple…

We present experiments along with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of a two-dimensional (2D) granular material in a Couette cell undergoing slow shearing. The grains are disks confined between an inner, rotating wheel and a fixed outer…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Marc Lätzel , Stefan Luding , Hans J. Herrmann , Daniel W. Howell , R. P. Behringer

A basic problem in the science of realistic granular matter is the plethora of heuristic models of the stress field in the absence of a first-principles theory. Such a theory is formulated here, based on the idea that static granular…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-12-25 Raphael Blumenfeld

In the energy-momentum density expressions for a relativistic perfect fluid with a bulk motion, one comes across a couple of pressure-dependent terms, which though well known, are to an extent, lacking in their conceptual basis and the…

General Physics · Physics 2021-05-13 Ashok K. Singal

We investigate the shear elastic modulus of soft polymer foams loaded with hard spherical particles and we show that, for constant bubble size and gas volume fraction, strengthening is strongly dependent on the size of those inclusions.…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-07-27 Yacine Khidas , Benjamin Haffner , Olivier Pitois

These lecture notes cover the statics and glassy dynamics of granular media. Most of the lectures were in fact devoted to `force propagation' models. We discuss the experimental and theoretical motivations for these approaches, and their…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 J-P Bouchaud

We introduce Effective Atom Theory (EAT), a framework that transforms combinatorial materials design into a smooth, gradient-driven optimization within density functional theory (DFT). Atoms are represented as probabilistic mixtures of…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-10 Justin Tahmassebpur , Brandon Li , Boris Barron , Héctor Abruña , Peter Frazier , Tomás Arias

The bulk behaviour of granular materials is tied to its mesoscale and particle-scale features: strength properties arise from the buildup of various anisotropic structures at the particle-scale induced by grain connectivity (fabric), force…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-09-25 Carmen L. Lee , Ephraim Bililign , Emilien Azéma , Karen E. Daniels

Granular materials of different sizes are present on the surface of several atmosphere-less Solar System bodies. The phenomena related to granular materials have been studied in the framework of the discipline called Granular Physics; that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-29 G. Tancredi , A. Maciel , L. Heredia , P. Richeri , S. Nesmachnow

A block of rubber eventually buckles under severe flexure, and several axial wrinkles appear on the inner curved face of the bent block. Experimental measurements reveal that the buckling occurs earlier ---at lower compressive strains---…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-01-24 Michel Destrade , Michael D. Gilchrist , Julie A. Motherway , Jerry G. Murphy

Granular media near jamming exhibit fascinating properties, which can be harnessed to create jammed-granulate metamaterials: materials whose characteristics arise not only from the shape and material properties of the particles at the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-04-09 Holger Götz , Thorsten Pöschel , Olfa D'Angelo

We describe a new type of three material microstructures which we call wheel assemblages, that correspond to extremal conductivity and extremal bulk modulus for a composite made of two materials and an ideal material. The exact lower bounds…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-05-24 Andrej Cherkaev

This paper, in French, describes a series of completely different behaviours of the mechanics of granular matter, which are obtained experimentally using periodic forcing at different amplitude, frequency and orientation. It starts with the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Evesque

Using molecular dynamics simulation, we calculate fluctuations and response for steadily sheared hard spheres over a wide range of packing fractions $\phi$ and shear strain rates $\gamma$, using two different methods to dissipate energy. To…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-04-04 Thomas K. Haxton

This paper presents a combined numerical-theoretical study of the macroscopic behavior and local field distributions in a special class of two-dimensional periodic composites with viscoplastic phases. The emphasis is on strongly nonlinear…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-07-09 Martin I. Idiart , Francois Willot , Yves-Patrick Pellegrini , Pedro Ponte Castaneda

We use existing 3D Discrete Element simulations of simple shear flows of spheres to evaluate the radial distribution function at contact that enables kinetic theory to correctly predict the pressure and the shear stress, for different…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-06-03 Dalila Vescovi , Diego Berzi , Patrick Richard , Nicolas Brodu
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