Related papers: Surface Screening Charge and Effective Charge
We derive the rate of emission of electromagnetic energy by an accelerating point charge, with the acceleration and velocity in the result being taken at the present time in the motion of the accelerating charge. This contrasts with the…
We show, either quantum mechanically or classically, that the variation of the effective mass induced in a charged particle by the presence of an ultra-strong electromagnetic field may lead to observable consequences. In particular, we…
The wave function of an atom passed through a diffraction grating acquires a regular space structure and the interaction of another particle with this atom can be thought of as scattering on a 'quantum grating' composed of a single atom.…
The electrostatic self-force on a point charge in cylindrical thin-shell space-times is interpreted as the sum of a $bulk$ field and a $shell$ field. The $bulk$ part corresponds to a field sourced by the test charge placed in a space-time…
Charge carrier transport through the probe-sample junction can have substantial consequences for outcomes of electrical and electromechanical atomic-force-microscopy (AFM) measurements. For understanding physical processes under the probe,…
Using a non-contact atomic force microscope (nc-AFM), we examine continuous DB wire structures on the hydrogen-terminated silicon (100) 2x1 surface. By probing the DB structures at varying energies, we identify the formation of previously…
The magnetic field dependence of electron effective mass is an important subject in consideration of physical properties of superconducting ferromagnets URhGe, UCoGe and paramagnet UTe$_2$. It is usually accepted to find this dependence…
Experimental results on event shapes obtained within (or related to) the method of Effective Charges are discussed in view of measurements of the strong coupling, alpha_s, the beta-function and non-perturbative contributions to event…
In the Thomas-Fermi model for the atom or ion, the electric potential $\phi$ and electron density $n$ are both expressed in terms of a screening number $\chi$ and the radius $x$. The second order differential equation for the screening…
The energies of a pair of strongly-interacting subsystems with arbitrary noninteger charges are examined from closed and open system perspectives. An ensemble representation of the charge dependence is derived, valid at all interaction…
The electromagnetic charge operator in a two-nucleon system is derived in chiral effective field theory ($\chi$EFT) up to order $e\, Q$ (or N4LO), where $Q$ denotes the low-momentum scale and $e$ is the electric charge. The specific form of…
Charged liquid microdroplets have generated significant interest recently due to the observation of chemical reaction rate enhancement by orders of magnitude. Droplet charging by plasma irradiation has been observed along with significantly…
We propose an analytical approximation for the dependence of the effective charge on the bare charge for spherical and cylindrical macro-ions as a function of the size of the colloid and salt content, for the situation of a unique colloid…
We have measured the optical reflectivity $R(\omega)$ of $Eu_{0.6}Ca_{0.4}B_{6}$ as a function of temperature between 1.5 and 300 $K$ and in external magnetic fields up to 7 $T$. The slope at the onset of the plasma edge feature in…
The amount of screening of a proton in a metal, migrating under the influence of an applied electric field, is calculated using different theoretical formulations. First the lowest order screening expression derived by Sham (1975) is…
An interaction of a pseudoscalar particle with two photons induced by an external electromagnetic field is used to study the photon decay $\gamma \to \gamma a$ where a is a pseudoscalar particle associated with the Peccei-Quinn U(1)…
With nanoelectronics reaching the limit of atom-sized devices, it has become critical to examine how irregularities in the local environment can affect device functionality. Here, we characterize the influence of charged atomic species on…
Miniaturization of a solid forms a new freedom that is fascinating, which allows us not only to tune the physical properties of a solid but also enables us to gain information about the energy levels of an isolated atom and the effect of…
The flux of angular momentum of electromagnetic field of an arbitrarily moving point charge is investigated. General equations are obtained for the transfer of angular momentum at arbitrary distance from the charge, and corresponding…
Background: Atomic spectral lines from different isotopes display a small shift in energy, commonly referred to as the line isotope shift. One of the components of the isotope shift is the field shift, which depends on the extent and the…