Related papers: Superfluid 3He, Particle Physics and Cosmology
Matter at low temperatures exhibits unusual properties such as superfluidity, superconductivity, Bose-Einstein condensation, and supersolidity. These states display quantum mechanical behaviours at scales much larger than atomic dimensions.…
Ordinary, s-wave superconductors have been recognized as being topological phases of matter, in which the dynamical gauge field implies less understood global features. Using the tools of topological field theories and generalized…
We study the superfluid state of atomic Fermi gases using a BCS-BEC crossover theory. Our approach emphasizes non-condensed fermion pairs which strongly hybridize with their (Feshbach-induced) molecular boson counterparts. These pairs lead…
These lecture notes provide an introduction to non-equilibrium superfluid 3He, with applications to high-frequency excitations, including aspects of symmetry breaking in 3He and its effects on collective mode dynamics. In 1957 Landau…
A variety of heavy fermion superconductors, such as UCoGe, UGe$_2$, and URhGe exhibit a striking coexistence of bulk ferromagnetism and superconductivity. In these systems, the magnetic moment decreases with pressure, and vanishes at a…
We present results of high magnetic field experiments in pure $^3$He (in the absence of $^4$He coverage) in nematic aerogel. In this case the aerogel strands are covered with few atomic layers of solid paramagnetic $^3$He, which enables the…
We consider a generic two-dimensional system of fermionic particles with attractive interactions and no disorder. If time-reversal symmetry is absent, it is possible to obtain incompressible insulating states in addition to the superfluid…
We consider a Volovik's analog model for description of a topological defects in a superfluid and we investigate the scattering of quasiparticles in this background. The analog of the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm in this system is found. An…
The study of superfluid fermion pairs in a periodic potential has important ramifications for understanding superconductivity in crystalline materials. Using cold atomic gases, various condensed matter models can be studied in a highly…
The magnetic dipole-dipole interaction does not prevent existence of half-quantum vortices in the polar phase of superfluid He-3 which can be stable in uniaxial anisotropic aerogel. Here we discus this exotic possibility. After developing a…
We have observed waves on the free surface of 3He-B sample at temperatures below 0.2mK. The waves are excited by vibrations of the cryostat and detected by coupling the surface to the Bose-Einstein condensate of magnon quasiparticles in the…
We discuss on the possible existence of a supersymmetric invariance in purely fermionic planar systems and its relation to the fermion-boson mapping in three-dimensional quantum field theory. We consider, as a very simple example, the…
Liquid 4He has been studied extensively for almost a century, but there are still a number of outstanding weak or missing links in our comprehension of it. This paper reviews some of the principal paths taken in previous research and then…
Superconductivity arises from two distinct quantum phenomena: electron pairing and long-range phase coherence. In conventional superconductors, the two quantum phenomena generally take place simultaneously, while the electron pairing occurs…
A unified theory is outlined for the cuprates, Fe-based, and related superconductors. Their low-energy excitations are approached in terms of auxiliary particles representing combinations of atomic-like electron configurations, and the…
Water freezes into ice, atomic spins spontaneously align in a magnet, liquid helium becomes superfluid: Phase transitions are dramatic phenomena. However, despite the drastic change in the system's behaviour, observing the transition can…
The low-energy physics of a superfluid 3He-B is governed by Nambu-Goldstone bosons resulting from its characteristic symmetry breaking pattern. Here we construct an effective field theory at zero temperature consistent with all available…
Strongly interacting fermions represent the key constituent of several intriguing phases of matter. However, due to the inherent complexity of these systems, important regimes are still inaccessible. Here, we derive a realistic and flexible…
The topological $p$-wave pairing of composite fermions, believed to be responsible for the 5/2 fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE), has generated much exciting physics. Motivated by the parton theory of the FQHE, we consider the…
We study fermionic atoms of three different internal quantum states (colors) in an optical lattice, which are interacting through attractive on site interactions, U<0. Using a variational calculation for equal color densities and small…