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The dynamics of open quantum systems is determined by avoided and true crossings of eigenvalue trajectories of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. The phases of the eigenfunctions are not rigid so that environmentally induced spectroscopic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-28 Ingrid Rotter

In this paper we calculate, in the large N limit, the eigenvalue density of an infinite product of random unitary matrices, each of them generated by a random hermitian matrix. This is equivalent to solving unitary diffusion generated by a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Romuald A. Janik , Waldemar Wieczorek

We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of spiked perturbations of Wigner matrices when the dimension goes to infinity. The entries of the Hermitian Wigner matrix have a distribution which is symmetric and satisfies a…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-19 Mireille Capitaine , Catherine Donati-Martin , Delphine Féral , Maxime Février

We study statistical properties of the eigenvectors of non-Hermitian random matrices, concentrating on Ginibre's complex Gaussian ensemble, in which the real and imaginary parts of each element of an N x N matrix, J, are independent random…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 J. T. Chalker , B. Mehlig

The scaled standard Wigner matrix (symmetric with mean zero, variance one i.i.d. entries), and its limiting eigenvalue distribution, namely the semi-circular distribution, has attracted much attention. The $2k$th moment of the limit equals…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Arup Bose , Koushik Saha , Arusharka Sen , Priyanka Sen

We review methods to calculate eigenvalue distributions of products of large random matrices. We discuss a generalization of the law of free multiplication to non-Hermitian matrices and give a couple of examples illustrating how to use…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Zdzislaw Burda

In the customary random matrix model for transport in quantum dots with $M$ internal degrees of freedom coupled to a chaotic environment via $N\ll M$ channels, the density $\rho$ of transmission eigenvalues is computed from a specific…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-15 László Erdős , Torben Krüger , Yuriy Nemish

Non-Hermitian PT-symmetric models have been extensively studied in recent years. Following the seminal work that reduced classical random matrix ensembles to a tridiagonal form, several efforts have aimed to generalize this framework to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-11-13 Cleverson Andrade Goulart , Gleb Oshanin , Mauricio Porto Pato

We study the phenomenon of "crowding" near the largest eigenvalue $\lambda_{\max}$ of random $N \times N$ matrices belonging to the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) of random matrix theory. We focus on two distinct quantities: (i) the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-07-18 Anthony Perret , Gregory Schehr

We consider $N\times N$ random matrices of the form $H=W+V$ where $W$ is a real symmetric or complex Hermitian Wigner matrix and $V$ is a random or deterministic, real, diagonal matrix whose entries are independent of $W$. We assume…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-08 Ji Oon Lee , Kevin Schnelli , Ben Stetler , Horng-Tzer Yau

Non-hermitian systems have gained a lot of interest in recent years. However, notions of chaos and localization in such systems have not reached the same level of maturity as in the Hermitian systems. Here, we consider non-hermitian…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-10-19 Soumi Ghosh , Sparsh Gupta , Manas Kulkarni

We study real eigenvalues of $N\times N$ real elliptic Ginibre matrices indexed by a non-Hermiticity parameter $0\leq \tau<1$, in both the strong and weak non-Hermiticity regime. Here $N$ is assumed to be an even number. In both regimes, we…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-03-27 Sung-Soo Byun , Leslie Molag , Nick Simm

We consider a versatile matrix model of the form ${\bf A}+i {\bf B}$, where ${\bf A}$ and ${\bf B}$ are real random circulant matrices with independent but, in general, nonidentically distributed Gaussian entries. For this model, we derive…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Sunidhi Sen , Himanshu Shekhar , Santosh Kumar

We introduce a non-Hermitian $\beta$-ensemble and determine its spectral density in the limit of large $\beta$ and large matrix size $n$. The ensemble is given by a general tridiagonal complex random matrix of normal and chi-distributed…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Gernot Akemann , Francesco Mezzadri , Patricia Päßler , Henry Taylor

Consider real symmetric, complex Hermitian Toeplitz and real symmetric Hankel band matrix models, where the bandwidth $b_{N}\ra \iy$ but $b_{N}/N \to b$, $b\in [0,1]$ as $N\to \infty$. We prove that the distributions of eigenvalues converge…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-11-02 Dang-Zheng Liu , Zheng-Dong Wang

We consider $n\times n$ non-Hermitian random matrices with independent entries and a variance profile, as well as an additive deterministic diagonal deformation. We show that their empirical eigenvalue distribution converges to a limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-11 Johannes Alt , Torben Krüger

We show that the eigenvalue density of a product X=X_1 X_2 ... X_M of M independent NxN Gaussian random matrices in the large-N limit is rotationally symmetric in the complex plane and is given by a simple expression rho(z,\bar{z}) =…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-05-29 Z. Burda , R. A. Janik , B. Waclaw

Complex networks with directed, local interactions are ubiquitous in nature, and often occur with probabilistic connections due to both intrinsic stochasticity and disordered environments. Sparse non-Hermitian random matrices arise…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-12-04 Grace H. Zhang , David R. Nelson

In this note we compare two recent results about the distribution of eigenvalues for semi-classical pseudodifferential operators in two dimensions. For classes of analytic operators A. Melin and the author obtained a complex Bohr-Sommerfeld…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2008-04-28 Johannes Sjoestrand

We consider complex, weakly non-Hermitian matrices $A = W_1 +i\sqrt{{\tau}_N}W_2$ , where $W_1$ and $W_2$ are Hermitian matrices and $\tau_N = O(N^{-1})$. We first show that for pairs of Hermitian matrices $(W_1 , W_2)$ such that $W_1$…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-13 Mohammed Osman