Related papers: Focussing quantum states
The development of small-scale sensors and actuators enables the construction of smart matter in which physical properties of materials are controlled in a distributed manner. In this paper, we describe how quantum computers could provide…
Superconducting quantum systems (artificial atoms) have been recently successfully used to demonstrate on-chip effects of quantum optics with single atoms in the microwave range. In particular, a well-known effect of four-wave mixing could…
Quantum technologies exploit entanglement to revolutionize computing, measurements, and communications. This has stimulated the research in different areas of physics to engineer and manipulate fragile many-particle entangled states.…
Atoms can be trapped and guided using nano-fabricated wires on surfaces, achieving the scales required by quantum information proposals. These Atom Chips form the basis for robust and widespread applications of cold atoms ranging from atom…
Observing the individual building blocks of matter is one of the primary goals of microscopy. The invention of the scanning tunneling microscope [1] revolutionized experimental surface science in that atomic-scale features on a solid-state…
The optical properties of sub-wavelength arrays of atoms or other quantum emitters have attracted significant interest recently. For example, the strong constructive or destructive interference of emitted light enables arrays to function as…
Electrons in atoms and molecules are versatile physical systems covering a vast range of light-matter interactions, enabling the physics of Rydberg states, photon-photon bound states, simulation of condensed matter Hamiltonians, and quantum…
Recent advances in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) instrumentation have made it possible to focus electron beams with sub-atomic precision and to identify the chemical structure of materials at the level of individual…
Quantum tunneling is a quantum phenomenon in which a microscopic object crosses through a potential barrier even if its energy cannot overcome the barrier. A general belief is that tunneling occurs only when the barrier width is comparable…
Cooling atoms to ultralow temperatures has produced a wealth of opportunities in fundamental physics, precision metrology, and quantum science. The more recent application of sophisticated cooling techniques to molecules, which has been…
The modification of electronic band structures and the subsequent tuning of electrical, optical, and thermal material properties is a central theme in the engineering and fundamental understanding of solid-state systems. In this scenario,…
With the advances in high resolution and spin-resolved scanning tunneling microscopy as well as atomic-scale manipulation, it has become possible to create and characterize quantum states of matter bottom-up, atom-by-atom. This is largely…
Atomic vapors, manipulated and probed by light and other electromagnetic fields, constitute versatile and powerful quantum systems for sensing applications. Atoms are identical, isolatable, interfaceable, and intelligible. These features,…
We introduce the notion of a small quantum world (SQW) , which in our opinion, is very helpful in the situations when an experimenter's tools for preparing quantum states and (or) for measuring the observables of a quantum system under…
The parameters of a quantum system grow exponentially with the number of involved quantum particles. Hence, the associated memory requirement goes well beyond the limit of best classic computers for quantum systems composed of a few dozen…
We consider quantum interferences of ballistic electrons propagating inside fractal structures with nanometric size of their arms. We use a scaling argument to calculate the density of states of free electrons confined in a simple model…
Nonpolar atoms or molecules with low particle mass and weak inter-particle interactions can form quantum liquids and solids (QLS) at low temperatures. Excess electrons naturally bind to the surfaces of QLS in a vacuum, exhibiting unique…
Since the early days of quantum mechanics hydrogen, as the simplest of all atoms, has been studied or used to investigate new physics. In parallel, this knowledge leads to different applications, e.g. a spin filter to separate metastable…
Newly discovered carbon nanotubes provide an environment in which small atoms move relatively freely. An assembly of such atoms provides a realization of a quasi-one dimensional system which is an ideal testing ground for concepts and…
Quantum phenomena are typically observable at length and time scales smaller than those of our everyday experience, often involving individual particles or excitations. The past few decades have seen a revolution in the ability to structure…