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Because of their low energy content, microwave signals at the single-photon level are extremely challenging to measure. Guided by recent progress in single-photon optomechanics and hybrid optomechanical systems, we propose a multimode…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-18 Keye Zhang , Francesco Bariani , Ying Dong , Weiping Zhang , Pierre Meystre

The direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs) of frequencies above MHz has recently received considerable attention. In this work we present a precise study of the reach of a cubic cavity resonator to GWs in the microwave range, using…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-06-18 Pablo Navarro , Benito Gimeno , Juan Monzó-Cabrera , Alejandro Díaz-Morcillo , Diego Blas

Weak measurement (WM) with state pre- and post-selection can amplify otherwise undetectable small signals and thus promise great potentials in precision measurements. Although frequency measurements offer the hitherto highest precision…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-12-10 Weizhi Qu , Jian Sun , Shenchao Jin , Liang Jiang , Jianming Wen , Yanhong Xiao

It has been a general trend to develop low-voltage electron microscopes due to their high imaging contrast of the sample and low radiation damage. Atom-resolved transmission electron microscopes with voltages as low as 15-40 kV have been…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-12-29 Wei-Tse Chang , Chun-Yueh Lin , Wei-Hao Hsu , Mu-Tung Chang , Yi-Sheng Chen , En-Te Hwu , Ing-Shouh Hwang

Microwave detectors based on the spin-transfer torque diode effect are among the key emerging spintronic devices. By utilizing the spin of electrons in addition to charge, they have the potential to overcome the theoretical performance…

Single photon detection is a requisite technique in quantum-optics experiments in both the optical and the microwave domains. However, the energy of microwave quanta are four to five orders of magnitude less than their optical counterpart,…

The interaction of photons and coherent quantum systems can be employed to detect electromagnetic radiation with remarkable sensitivity. We introduce a quantum radiometer based on the photon-induced-dephasing process of a superconducting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-12 Zhixin Wang , Mingrui Xu , Xu Han , Wei Fu , Shruti Puri , S. M. Girvin , Hong X. Tang , S. Shankar , M. H. Devoret

This paper explores the implementation of a low-cost high-precision microwave oscillator sensor with an adjustable input resistance to enhance its limit of detection (LoD). To achieve this, we introduce a \textit{Z$_{2}$} branch in the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Mojtaba Joodaki , Mehrdad Jafarian

We present the design of a reflective stop-band filter based on quasi-lumped elements that can be utilized to introduce large dc and low-frequency voltage biases into a low-loss superconducting coplanar waveguide (CPW) cavity. Transmission…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-04-20 Yu Hao , Francisco Rouxinol , M. D. LaHaye

We introduce a microwave bolometer aimed at high-quantum-efficiency detection of wave packet energy within the framework of circuit quantum electrodynamics, the ultimate goal being single microwave photon detection. We measure the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-09-11 J. Govenius , R. E. Lake , K. Y. Tan , V. Pietilä , J. K. Julin , I. J. Maasilta , P. Virtanen , M. Möttönen

This paper presents a compact low-temperature atomic vector magnetometer for weak field measurements, using an atomic cell containing two orthogonal multipass cavities. At the working temperature of 75 $^\circ$C, the magnetic field…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-03-09 Siqi Liu , Qianqian Yu , Hao Zhou , Dong Sheng

Future wireless communication system embraces physical-layer signal detection with high sensitivity, especially in the microwave photon level. Currently, the receiver primarily adopts the signal detection based on semi-conductor devices for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-26 Junyu Zhang , Chen Gong , Shangbin Li , Rui Ni , Chengjie Zuo , Jinkang Zhu , Ming Zhao , Zhengyuan Xu

Normal microwave (MW) electromagnetic field detectors convert microwave power into voltages, which results in the loss of the vector characteristics of the microwave field. In this work, we developed a MW magnetic field (h-field) vector…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-07-26 Peiwen Luo , Bin Peng , Wanli Zhang , Wenxu Zhang

We report on the on-chip detection of microwaves in the frequency range around 100GHz. For the purpose of detection, we employ a discrete transport channel triggered in a superconducting single-electron transistor by photon-assisted…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-12-20 S. V. Lotkhov , R. Dolata , M. Khabipov

III-V semiconductor mid-infrared photodetectors based on intersubband transitions hold a great potential for ultra-high-speed operation up to several hundreds of GHz. In this work we exploit a ~350nm-thick GaAs/Al0.2Ga0.8As…

There are a number of theoretical predictions for astrophysical and cosmological objects, which emit high frequency ($10^6-10^9$~Hz) Gravitation Waves (GW) or contribute somehow to the stochastic high frequency GW background. Here we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-18 Maxim Goryachev , Michael E. Tobar

Rydberg atoms have large transition electric dipole moments and high sensitivity to electric fields. We describe a new method for microwave field sensing in a vapor cell consisting of separate excitation, quantum evolution between two…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-06-10 Michael V. Romalis , Joe Wiedemann , Shaobo Zhang , Nezih Dural

Ultrasensitive detection of the frequency, phase, and amplitude of radio frequency (RF) electric fields is central to a variety of important applications, including radio communication, cosmology, dark matter searches, and high-fidelity…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Hao Wu , Grant Mitts , Clayton Ho , Joshua Rabinowitz , Eric R. Hudson

A simple, low-cost millimeter-wave (70 GHz) interferometer with a phase accuracy better than plus or minur 2 degrees, and a response time of 10 ns is described. The simplicity of this interferometer makes it ideal for measurement of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-02-27 M. Gilmore , W. Gekelman , K. Reiling , W. A. Peebles

We present a comprehensive theory and an easy to follow method for the design and construction of a wideband homodyne detector for time-domain quantum measurements. We show how one can evaluate the performance of a detector in a specific…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-03 Ranjeet Kumar , Erick Barrios , Andrew MacRae , E. Cairns , E. H. Huntington , A. I. Lvovsky