Related papers: Phase Transition in Small System
Recently [3] predicted the existence of an intriguing new phenomenon. It was shown that if temperature is suddenly raised at the surface of a sphere the temperature in the interior initially decreases. The authors of [3] gave a thorough…
We show that a glass transition, signaled by a peak in the specific heat vs. temperature, can occur because a glassy system that shows no signs of aging progresses so slowly through the energy landscape that the time needed to obtain an…
The phenomenon that a system at a hot temperature cools faster than at a warm temperature, referred to as the Mpemba effect, has been recently realized for trapped colloids. Here, we investigate the cooling and heating process of a…
The Leidenfrost transition leads a boiling system to the boiling crisis, a state in which the liquid loses contact with the heated surface due to excessive vapor generation. Here, using experiments of liquid droplets boiling on a heated…
We investigate the Joule expansion of an interacting quantum gas in an energy eigenstate. The Joule expansion occurs when two subsystems of different particle density are allowed to exchange particles. We demonstrate numerically that the…
Phase transitions, as the condensation of a gas to a liquid, are often revealed by a discontinuous behavior of thermodynamic quantities. For liquid Helium, for example, a divergence of the specific heat signals the transition from the…
The existence of fluctuations of temperature has been a somewhat controversial topic in thermodynamics but nowadays it is recognized that they must be taken into account in small, finite systems. Although for nonequilibrium steady states…
Amorphous solids exhibit intrinsic, local structural transitions, that give rise to the well known quantum-mechanical two-level systems at low temperatures. We explain the microscopic origin of the electric dipole moment of these two-level…
Under certain conditions, two samples of fluid at different initial temperatures present a counterintuitive behavior known as the Mpemba effect: it is the hotter system that cools sooner. Here, we show that the Mpemba effect is present in…
The existence of a 'crossover region' in glass-forming liquids has long been considered as a general phenomenon that is as important as the glass transition. One potential origin for the crossover behavior is a liquid-to-liquid phase…
Wetting transitions have been predicted and observed to occur for various combinations of fluids and surfaces. This paper describes the origin of such transitions, for liquid films on solid surfaces, in terms of the gas-surface interaction…
Molecular dynamics simulations are performed for a supercooled simple liquid with changing the system size from N=108 to $10^4$ to examine possible finite-size effects. Although almost no systematic deviation is detected in the static pair…
Numerical heat and mass transfer analysis of a configuration where a cool liquid hydrocarbon is suddenly introduced to a hotter gas at supercritical pressure shows that a well-defined phase equilibrium can be established before substantial…
Although ubiquitous in nature and industrial processes, transport processes at the interface during evaporation and condensation are still poorly understood. Experiments have shown temperature discontinuities at the interface during…
We study the effect of correlation on the direction of particle exchange between local thermal sub-systems where the total system is isolated. Our focus is the situation where both sub-systems have the same temperature but different…
Control of cooling and heating processes is essential in many industrial and biological processes. In fact, the time evolution of an observable quantity may differ according to the previous history of the system. For example, a system that…
This study deals with a simple pure fluid whose temperature is slightly below its critical temperature and whose density is nearly critical, so that the gas and liquid phases coexist. Under equilibrium conditions, such a liquid completely…
Under certain conditions, it takes a shorter time to cool a hot system than to cool the same system initiated at a lower temperature. This phenomenon - the "Mpemba Effect" - is well known in water, and has recently been observed in other…
The heat transfer mechanism in Rayleigh-Benard convection in a liquid with a mean temperature close to its boiling point is studied through numerical simulations with point-like vapor bubbles, which are allowed to grow or shrink through…
A fluid in the NVT ensemble at T less than the critical temperature T_c and rho = N/V somewhat in excess of rho_coex (density of the saturated gas in the gas-liquid transition) is considered. For V->infinity, a macroscopic liquid droplet…