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Generation mechanism of energy gaps between conductance and valence bands is at the centre of the study of graphene material. Recently Chamon, Jackiw, et al. proposed a mechanism of using a Kekul\'{e} distortion background field $% \varphi…
Composite non-Abelian vortices in N=2 supersymmetric U(2) SQCD are investigated. The internal moduli space of an elementary non-Abelian vortex is CP^1. In this paper we find a composite state of two coincident non-Abelian vortices…
Superconductors have two key characteristics. They expel magnetic field and they conduct electrical current with zero resistance. However, both properties are compromised in high magnetic fields which can penetrate the material and create a…
Topological phase imprinting is a unique technique for vortex formation in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of alkali metal gas, in that it does not involve rotation: BEC is trapped in a quadrupole field with a uniform bias field which is…
The dense vortex matter structure and associated magnetization are calculated for type-II superconducting mesoscopic disks. The magnetization exhibits generically first-order phase transitions as the number of vortices changes by one and…
Unlike the hole-doped cuprates, both nodal and nodeless superconductivity (SC) are observed in the electron-doped cuprates. To understand these two types of SC states, we propose a unified theory by considering the two-dimensional t-J model…
We consider merger of two parallel toroidal atomic Bose-Einstein condensates with different vorticities in a three-dimensional (3D) trap. In the tunnel-coupling regime, Josephson vortices (rotational fluxons) emerge in the barrier between…
The dynamics of magnetic vortices in the mixed state of d-wave superconductors is affected by interaction with quasiparticles near the gap nodes. We study this effect by computing the overlap of the ground state wave functions of the nodal…
Nonabelian magnetic monopoles of Goddard-Nuyts-Olive-Weinberg type have recently been shown to appear as the dominant infrared degrees of freedom in a class of softly broken ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories in which the gauge…
Magnetic field can penetrate into type-II superconductors in the form of Abrikosov vortices, which are magnetic flux tubes surrounded by circulating supercurrents often trapped at defects referred to as pinning sites. Although the average…
The transition to a type II proton superconductor which is believed to occur in a cooling neutron star is accompanied by changes in the equation of hydrostatic equilibrium and by the formation of proton vortices with quantized magnetic…
Recently two fundamental topological properties of a magnetic vortex at the interface of a superconductor (SC) and a strong topological insulator (TI) have been established: the vortex carries both a Majorana zero-mode relevant for…
Two-dimensional $p_x+ip_y$ topological superconductors host gapless Majorana edge modes, as well as Majorana bound states at the core of $h/2e$ vortices. Here we construct a model realizing the fractional counterpart of this phase: a…
Theory alternative to the vortex lattice melting theories is advertised. The vortex lattice melting theories are science fiction cond-mat/9811051 because the Abrikosov state is not the vortex lattice with crystalline long-range order. Since…
We study a vortex in a nanostripe of an antiferromagnet with easy-plane anisotropy and interfacial Dzyloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The vortex has hybrid chirality being N\'eel close to its center and Bloch away from it. Propagating…
We present vortex solutions for the homogeneous two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate featuring dipolar atomic interactions, mapped out as a function of the dipolar interaction strength (relative to the contact interactions) and…
Making use of $\phi$-mapping topological current method, we discuss the self-dual vortices in the Abelian Chern-Simons model with two complex scalar fields. For each scalar field, an exact nontrivial equation with a topological term which…
In this review, we discuss various properties of topological solitons in dense QCD matter, with a particular emphasis on the CFL phase exhibiting superfluidity and superconductivity, and their phenomenological implications in terms of the…
We have investigated the confinement of 3-D vortices in specific cases of Type-II ($\kappa = 2$) nano-superconducting devices. The emergent pattern of vortices greatly depends on the orientation of an applied magnetic field (transverse or…
We discuss topological aspects of two-gap superconductors with and without Josephson coupling between gaps. We address nontrivial topological aspects of the dual superconductors and its connections to Meissner effect and flux quantization.…