Related papers: The Chemical Potential
We investigate the nuclear and the quark matter at finite real chemical potential ($\mu_\mathrm{R}$) and low temperature from the viewpoint of the canonical sectors constructed via the imaginary chemical potential region. Based on the large…
We offer the parameter, interpreted as the "chemical potential", which is sensitive to the first order phase transition: it must decrease with number of evaporating (produced) particles (hadrons) if the (interacting hadron or/and QCD…
The maximum entropy principle, as applied to quantum systems, is a fundamental prescript positing that for a quantum system for which we only have partial knowledge, the maximum entropy state consistent with the partial knowledge is a…
Classical density functional theory for finite temperatures is usually formulated in the grand-canonical ensemble where arbitrary variations of the local density are possible. However, in many cases the systems of interest are closed with…
I present a theoretical model of a quantum statistical ensemble for which, unlike in conventional physics, the total number of particles is extremely small. The thermodynamical quantities are calculated by taking a small $N$ by virtue of…
The grand potential of a classical Coulomb system has universal finite-size corrections similar to the ones which occur in the free energy of a simple critical system : the massless Gaussian field. Here, the Coulomb system is assumed to be…
We present numerical results on the static quark--anti-quark grand canonical potential in full QCD at non-vanishing temperature ($T$) and quark chemical potential ($\mu$). Non-zero $\mu$-s are reached by means of multi-parameter…
The present manuscript gives a theoretical description of the first-order phase transition in a cell fluid model with a modified Morse potential and additional repulsive interaction. In the framework of the grand canonical ensemble, the…
We introduce a general framework to describe the stationary state of two driven systems exchanging particles or mass through a contact, in a slow exchange limit. The definition of chemical potentials for the systems in contact requires that…
We propose a method for identifying holographic chemical potentials of conserved charges. The guiding principle is the consistency of the identification with the thermodynamic relations and the Legendre transformation. We consider the…
Recently a formulation of overlap fermions at finite density based on an analytic continuation of the sign function was proposed. We study this proposal by analyzing the energy and number densities for free fermions as a function of the…
Predictions of relative stabilities of (competing) molecular crystals are of great technological relevance, most notably for the pharmaceutical industry. However, they present a long-standing challenge for modeling, as often minuscule free…
We exploit a prescription to observe directly the physical properties of the thermodynamic limit under continuously applied field in one-dimensional quantum finite lattice systems. By systematically scaling down the energy of the…
The probability distribution of a function of a subsystem conditioned on the value of the function of the whole, in the limit when the ratio of their values goes to zero, has a limit law: It equals the unconditioned marginal probability…
The thermodynamics of massless ideal gas of overlap quarks has been investigated numerically for both zero and nonzero baryon chemical potential $\mu$. While the parameter M has been shown to be irrelevant in the continuum limit, it is…
The grand canonical potential for a static quark-antiquark pair at non-vanishing chemical potential was determined at several temperatures. The dynamical staggered simulations were carried out with 2+1 physical quarks along the Lines of…
Uniformity of the probability measure of phase space is considered in the framework of classical equilibrium thermodynamics. For the canonical and the grand canonical ensembles, relations are given between the phase space uniformities and…
We present a method to facilitate Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical ensemble given a target mean particle number. The method imposes a fictitious dynamics on the chemical potential, to be run concurrently with the Monte Carlo…
At sufficiently low temperature, without requiring any numerical data at finite real chemical potential, we can clarify the canonical partition function with fixed quark number via the imaginary chemical potential region with few ansatzs.…
In this paper we expand our previous investigation of a quantum particle subject to the action of a random potential plus a fixed harmonic potential at a finite temperature T. In the classical limit the system reduces to a well-known…