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When a thermally isolated system performs a driving process in the quasistatic regime, its variation of average energy is equal to its quasistatic work. Even though presenting this simple definition, few attempts have been made to describe…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-17 Pierre Nazé

While the warming trends of the Earth's mean temperature are evident at climatological scales, the local temperature at shorter timescales are highly fluctuating. In this letter we show that the probabilities of such fluctuations are…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-04-21 Jun Yin , Amilcare Porporato , Lamberto Rondoni

We discuss the fluctuation properties of equilibrium chaotic systems with constraints such as iso-kinetic and Nos\'e-Hoover thermostats. Although the dynamics of these systems does not typically preserve phase-space volumes, the average…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-08-29 T. Gilbert , J. R. Dorfman

A fluctuation theorem is proved for the macroscopic currents of a system in a nonequilibrium steady state, by using Schnakenberg network theory. The theorem can be applied, in particular, in reaction systems where the affinities or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 David Andrieux , Pierre Gaspard

Fluctuation theorems are fundamental results in nonequilibrium thermodynamics beyond the linear response regime. Among these, the paradigmatic Tasaki-Crooks fluctuation theorem relates the statistics of the works done in a forward…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-06-19 Gianluca Francica , Luca Dell'Anna

At non-zero temperature classical systems exhibit statistical fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities arising from the variation of the system's initial conditions and its interaction with the environment. The fluctuating work, for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Rui Sampaio , Samu Suomela , Tapio Ala-Nissila , Janet Anders , Thomas Philbin

We use a recently proved fluctuation theorem for the currents to develop the response theory of nonequilibrium phenomena. In this framework, expressions for the response coefficients of the currents at arbitrary orders in the thermodynamic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 D. Andrieux , P. Gaspard

Using the fluctuation theorem supplemented with geometric arguments, we derive universal features of the (long-time) efficiency fluctuations for thermal and isothermal machines operating under steady or periodic driving, close or far from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-11-26 Gatien Verley , Tim Willaert , Christian Van den Broeck , Massimiliano Esposito

A Response Function Theory and Scattering Theory applicable to the study of physical properties of systems driven arbitrarily away from equilibrium, specialized for dealing with ultrafast processes and in conditions of space resolution…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-10-31 Clóves G. Rodrigues , Áurea R. Vasconcellos , José Galvão Ramos , Roberto Luzzi

A recent theorem giving the initial behavior of very short-time fluctuations of particle displacements in classical many-body systems is discussed. It has applications to equilibrium and non-equilibrium systems, one of which is a series…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-07-31 Ramses van Zon , S. S. Ashwin , E. G. D. Cohen

The condition of thermal equilibrium simplifies the theoretical treatment of fluctuations as found in the celebrated Einstein's relation between mobility and diffusivity for Brownian motion. Several recent theories relax the hypothesis of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-10 Andrea Gnoli , Andrea Puglisi , Alessandro Sarracino , Angelo Vulpiani

In this work a generalization of Onsager-Machlup's theory of time-dependent thermal fluctuations of equilibrium systems is proposed, to the case in which the system relaxes irreversibly along a non-equilibrium trajectory that can be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-08-05 M. Medina-Noyola

In the standard framework of thermodynamics the work produced or consumed in a process is a random variable whose average value is bounded by the change in the free energy of the system. This work is calculated without regard for the size…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-19 Jonathan G. Richens , Lluis Masanes

While the fluctuation theorem in classical systems has been thoroughly generalized under various feedback control setups, an intriguing situation in quantum systems, namely under continuous feedback, remains to be investigated. In this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-11 Toshihiro Yada , Nobuyuki Yoshioka , Takahiro Sagawa

The characteristic function of the work performed by an external time-dependent force on a Hamiltonian quantum system is identified with the time-ordered correlation function of the exponentiated system's Hamiltonian. A similar expression…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Peter Talkner , Eric Lutz , Peter Hanggi

We analytically describe the decay to equilibrium of generic observables of a non-integrable system after a perturbation in the form of a random matrix. We further obtain an analytic form for the time-averaged fluctuations of an observable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-05 Charlie Nation , Diego Porras

Using the Feynman-Kac formula, a work fluctuation theorem for a Brownian particle in a nonconfining potential, e.g., a potential well with finite depth, is derived. The theorem yields aninequality that puts a lower bound on the average work…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-02-12 Christoph Streißnig , Holger Kantz

Nonequilibrium complex systems are often effectively described by the mixture of different dynamics on different time scales. Superstatistics, which is "statistics of statistics" with two largely separated time scales, offers a consistent…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-18 Sumiyoshi Abe

Based on trajectory dependent path probability formalism in state space, we derive generalized entropy production fluctuation relations for a quantum system in the presence of measurement and feedback. We have obtained these results for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-04 Shubhashis Rana , Sourabh Lahiri , A. M. Jayannavar

We present a general theory of quasiparticle number fluctuations in superconductors. The theory uses the master equation formalism. First, we develop the theory for a single occupation variable. Although this simple system is insufficient…

Superconductivity · Physics 2010-03-09 C. M. Wilson , D. E. Prober