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Local thermal instability can plausibly explain the formation of multiphase gas in many different astrophysical environments, but the theory is only well understood in the optically thin limit of the equations of radiation hydrodynamics…
We study Langevin dynamics describing nonequilibirum steady states. Employing the phenomenological framework of steady state thermodynamics constructed by Oono and Paniconi [Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. {\bf130}, 29 (1998)], we find that the…
The thermodynamical properties of toroidal black holes in the grand canonical ensemble are investigated using York's formalism. The black hole is enclosed in a cavity with finite radius where the temperature and electrostatic potential are…
The infrared dynamics of a light, minimally coupled scalar field in de Sitter spacetime with Ricci curvature $R=12H$, averaged over horizon sized regions of physical volume $V_H=\frac{4\pi}{3}\left(\frac{1}{H}\right)^3$, can be interpreted…
When non-solid matter (e.g., liquids or gas) is under constant volume V and density rho (e.g., in rigid box), spatial positions for their constituents are restricted by these conditions. We recently focus on the role of constraint in…
The action and the thermodynamics of a rotating black hole in the presence of a positive cosmological constant are analyzed. Since there is no spatial infinity, one must bring in, instead, a platform where the parameters characterizing the…
Passivity is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics that demands a quantum system's energy cannot be lowered by any reversible, unitary process acting on the system. In the limit of many such systems, passivity leads in turn to the concept…
In this second part of our series of two papers, where spacetime is modelled by a graph, where Planck size quantum black holes lie on the vertices, we consider the thermodynamics of spacetime. We formulate an equation which tells in which…
Field equations of a classical, geometric, theory of gravity, augmented with some semiclassical considerations strongly suggest that the gravitational field representing a stationary black hole can be simply described with a few…
We study a black hole of mass $M$, enclosed within a spherical box, in equilibrium with its Hawking radiation. We show that the spacetime geometry inside the box is described by the Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations for radiation, except for a…
In this work we study thermodynamics of 2+1-dimensional static black holes with a nonlinear electric field. Besides employing the standard thermodynamic approach, we investigate the black hole thermodynamics by studying its thermodynamic…
In this work, we study the thermodynamic properties on a non--commutative background via gravitational gauge field potentials. This procedure is accomplished after contracting de Sitter (dS) group, $\mathrm{SO}(4,1)$, with the Poincar\`e…
A model of nonlinear electrodynamics is proposed and investigated in general relativity. We consider the magnetic black hole and find a regular solution which gives corrections into the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m solution. At…
This paper studies Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) black holes surrounded by three phenomenological distributions of dark matter halos. The main result is obtaining the analytical solutions for the metric and all thermodynamic quantities, such…
We discuss how the thermalization of an elementary quantum system is modified when the system is placed in an environment out of thermal equilibrium. To this aim we provide a detailed investigation of the dynamics of an atomic system placed…
This paper has been withdrawn by the authors. Quantum radiative characteristics of 4D semi-classical nonstationary black holes in the general case are investigated by using the method of generalized tortoise coordinate transformation. It is…
We extend the recently developed non-gaussian thermodynamic formalism \cite{tre98} of a (presumably strongly turbulent) non-Markovian medium to its most general form that allows for the formulation of a consistent thermodynamic theory. All…
The Tolman-Ehrenfest criterion of thermal equilibrium for a static fluid in a static spacetime is generalized to stationary heat conduction, in the approximation in which backreaction is negligible. Applying this generalized criterion to…
The fundamental equation of the thermodynamic system gives the relation between internal energy, entropy and volume of two adjacent equilibrium states. Taking higher dimensional charged Gauss-Bonnet black hole in de Sitter space as a…
We investigate the steady state of heat conduction in general relativity using a variational approach for two-fluid dynamics. We adopt coordinates based on the Landau-Lifschitz observer because it allows us to describe thermodynamics with…