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Understanding glass formation is a challenge because the existence of a true glass state, distinct from liquid and solid, remains elusive: Glasses are liquids that have become too viscous to flow. An old idea, as yet unproven…
We study the effects of long range interactions on the phases observed in cohesive granular materials. At high vibration amplitudes, a gas of magnetized particles is observed with velocity distributions similar to non-magnetized particles.…
Despite the critical importance of the elastic properties of modern materials, there is not a singular model that can predict the modulus to an accuracy needed for industrial glass design. To address this problem, we propose an approach to…
We study model protein solutions and colloidal suspensions in the temperature range whereupon the nature of the system changes from a homogeneous fluid to a "cluster fluid". It is commonly assumed - as deduced by the behavior of the…
The systematic identification of temperature scales in supercooled liquids that are key to understanding those liquids' underlying glass properties, and the latter's formation-history dependence, is a challenging task. Here we study the…
Low-energy excitations play a key role in all condensed-matter systems, yet there is limited understanding of their nature in glasses, where they correspond to local rearrangements of groups of particles. Here we introduce an algorithm to…
We use computer simulations to investigate the static properties of a simple glass-forming fluid in which the positions of a finite fraction of the particles has been frozen in. By probing the equilibrium distribution of the overlap between…
The dramatic slowdown of dynamics in supercooled liquids approaching the glass transition remains one of the central unresolved problems in condensed matter physics. We review approaches that attribute this slowdown to growing thermodynamic…
Volatility-dependent fractionation of the rock-forming elements at high temperatures is an early, widespread process during formation of the earliest solids in protoplanetary disks. Equilibrium condensation calculations allow prediction of…
We propose that the dynamics of supercooled liquids and the formation of glasses can be understood from the existence of a zero temperature dynamical critical point. To support our proposal, we derive from simple physical assumptions a…
This review deals with the kinetic and thermodynamic fragility of bulk metallic glass forming liquids. The experimental methods to determine the kinetic fragility, relaxation behavior and thermodynamic functions of undercooled metallic…
We compare the percolation loci for chemical clusters with the liquid-solid transition in the temperature-density phase diagram. Chemical clusters are defined as sets of particles connected through particle-particle bonds that last for a…
The origin of supermassive black holes is an open question that has been explored considering gas- and collision-based formation channels to explain the high number of quasars observed in the early Universe. According to numerical…
Previous studies have suggested a conundrum in the relaxation dynamics of polydisperse supercooled liquids. It has been shown that in two dimensions, the relative relaxation times of particles of different sizes become more similar as the…
The term "fragility" describes the rate at which viscosity grows when a supercooled liquid approaches its putative glass transition temperature. The field of glassy materials is actively searching for a structural origin that governs this…
Variation of fragility (m) of specially homogenized GexSe100-x melts are established from complex specific heat measurements, and show m(x) has a global minimum at an extremely low value (m=14.8(0.5)) in the 21.5%<x<23% range of Ge. Outside…
The present study introduces a renormalization based approach to investigate the relaxation dynamics within supercooled liquids. By applying a numerical scale transformation to potential energies along the temporal axis, we have established…
The persistent problem posed by the glass transition is to develop a general atomic level description of a solidification process that is not associated with any change in the symmetry of the atomic structure. The answer proposed in this…
The interrelation of dynamic processes active on separated time-scales in glasses and viscous liquids is investigated using a model displaying two time-scale bifurcations both between fast and secondary relaxation and between secondary and…
We study by Quantum Monte Carlo simulations the local superfluid response of small (up to 27 molecules) parahydrogen clusters, down to temperatures as low as 0.05 K. We show that at low temperature superfluidity is not confined at the…