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It has been known for a long time that traditional semiconductor (e.g. intrinsic and doped Si and Ge or binary SiC and GaN) field emitters significantly deviate from Fowler-Nordheim (FN) law and saturate when a large current, on the order…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-01-25 Stanislav S. Baturin , Alexander V. Zinovev , Sergey V. Baryshev

This paper presents an elementary, approximate analytical treatment of cold field electron emission (CFE) from a classical nanowall. A simple model is used to bring out some of the basic physics of a class of field emitter where quantum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-09-05 Xizhou Qin , Weiliang Wang , Ningsheng Xu , Zhibing Li , Richard G. Forbes

This article introduces an improved approach to Fowler-Nordheim (FN) plot analysis, based on a new type of intercept correction factor. This factor is more cleanly defined than the factor previously used. General enabling theory is given…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-12-19 Richard G. Forbes , Andreas Fischer , Marwan S. Mousa

This work presents a theoretical explanation for a crossover in the linear behavior in Fowler-Nordheim (FN) plots based on cold field electron emission (CFE) experimental data. It is characterized by a clear change in the decay rate of…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-08-03 Thiago A. de Assis , Fernando F. DAgnol , Roberto F. S. Andrade

The cold field electron emission from metallic nanowall array is investigated theoretically. Via conformal mapping method, analytic formulas of tunneling barrier, edge field enhancement factor, transmission coefficient, and area emission…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-11-15 Xizhou Qin , Weiliang Wang , Zhibing Li

In the conventional scenario, the Hawking radiation is believed to be a tunneling process at the event horizon of the black hole. In the quantum field theoretic approach the Schwinger's mechanism is generally used to give an explanation of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-11-04 Sanchari De , Sutapa Ghosh , Somenath Chakrabarty

We evaluate the electron emission current density from jellium metallic surfaces in the Thomas-Fermi-von-Weizs\"acker approximation. We implement the weighted density approximation (WDA) for description of the exchange and correlation…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-03-13 Boyan Obreshkov , Bruno Lepetit

An accurate estimation of the experimental field-emission area remains a great challenge in vacuum electronics. The lack of convenient means, which can be used to measure this parameter, creates a critical knowledge gap, making it…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-08-18 Taha Y. Posos , Oksana Chubenko , Sergey V. Baryshev

In this paper we study the effect of actual, locally resolved, field emission (FE) area on electron emission characteristics of uniform semimetallic nitrogen-incorporated ultrananocrystalline diamond ((N)UNCD) field emitters. To obtain the…

Representing field emission data on a Fowler--Nordheim plot is both very common and strongly not recommended. It leads to a spurious estimation of the emitter parameters despite a very good data fit. There is a lack of a reliable method of…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-02-01 Anthony Ayari , Pascal Vincent , Sorin Perisanu , Philippe Poncharal , Stephen Purcell

A mean-field theory which satisfying the electron on-site local constraint in the relevant regime of density for the high temperature superconductors is developed. Within this approach, the electron spectral function, the electron…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-30 Shiping Feng , Yun Song

This Comment suggests that technological field electron emission (FE) papers, such as the paper under discussion [P. Serbun et al.,, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91, 083906 (2020)], should use FE theory based on the 1956 work of Murphy and Good (MG),…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-12-03 Richard G. Forbes

Field emission tips with apex radius of curvature below 100nm are not adequately described by the standard theoretical models based on the Fowler-Nordheim and Murphy-Good formalisms. This is due to the breakdown of the `constant electric…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-12-10 Rajasree Ramachandran , Debabrata Biswas

An important parameter used to characterize large-area field electron emitters (LAFEs) is the characteristic apex field enhancement factor {\gamma}_C. This parameter is normally extracted from the slope of a Fowler-Nordheim (FN) plot.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-05-31 Richard G. Forbes

This paper presents a new methodology for making comparisons between the theory of field electron emission (FE) and experiment, and is intended as a "demonstration of concept". This methodology is based on the value of the exponent kappa…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-07-05 Sergey V. Filippov , Anatoly G. Kolosko , Eugeni O. Popov , Richard G. Forbes

The work concerns relativistic effects and the influence of an external magnetic field on the transmission coefficient. The Fowler-Nordheim equation has been relativistically generalized and effect of the Lorentz contraction of a potential…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 Serhii Lebedynskyi , Roman Kholodov

This article proposes that we should think differently about predicting and interpreting measured field electron emission (FE) current-voltage [I(V)] characteristics. It is commonly assumed that I(V) data interpretation is a problem in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-03-22 Richard G. Forbes

We revise the Fowler-Dubridge (FB) model for photoelectron emission from two-dimensional (2D) materials to include the effects of reduced dimensionality, non-parabolic and anisotropic energy dispersion of 2D materials. Two different…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-09-12 Luo Yi , Ang Y. S. , Ang L. K

This paper presents the derivation of Schwinger's gauge invariant result of $Im \cal{L}_{eff}$ upto one loop approximation, for particle production in an uniform electric field through the method of complex trajectory WKB approximation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-21 S. Biswas , A. Shaw , B. Modak

Measured field electron emission (FE) current-voltage Im(Vm) data are traditionally analysed via Fowler-Nordheim (FN) plots, as ln{Im/(Vm)**2} vs 1/Vm. These have been used since 1929, because in 1928 FN predicted they would be linear. In…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-05-21 Richard G. Forbes