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We review an scenario for the non-equilibrium dynamics of glassy systems that has been motivated by the exact solution of simple models. This approach allows one to set on firmer grounds well-known phenomenological theories. The old ideas…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Leticia F. Cugliandolo

In this paper we propose a simple mean-field "toy" model for the liquid-glass phase transition. This is the system of $N$ point-like particles confined in a finite volume of a $D$-dimensional space interacting via infinite-range oscillating…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Victor Dotsenko

I describe a class of spin models with short--range plaquette interactions whose static equilibrium properties are trivial but which display glassy dynamics at low temperatures. These models have a dual description in terms of free defects…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Juan P. Garrahan

The study of the properties of glass-forming liquids is difficult for many reasons. Analytic solutions of mean field models are usually available only for systems embedded in a space with an unphysically high number of spatial dimensions;…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-02-26 Manuel Sebastian Mariani , Giorgio Parisi , Corrado Rainone

In amorphous materials, groups of particles can rearrange locally into a new stable configuration. Such elementary excitations are key as they determine the response to external stresses, as well as to thermal and quantum fluctuations. Yet,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-04-26 Wencheng Ji , Tom W. J. de Geus , Elisabeth Agoritsas , Matthieu Wyart

We present in this letter a model of glass formation using energy barriers and a crystal nucleation process. We then analyze the corresponding dynamical equation in the vicinity of the stationary solutions. The occurence of a pure amorphous…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-06-25 Matthieu Micoulaut

Simple active models of matter recapitulate complex biological phenomena. The out-of-equilibrium nature of these models, however, often makes them beyond the reach of first-principle descriptions. This limitation is particularly perplexing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-07 Mingyuan Zheng , Dmytro Khomenko , Patrick Charbonneau

Truly stable metastable states are an artifact of the mean-field approximation or the zero temperature limit. If such appealing concepts in glass theory as configurational entropy are to have a meaning beyond these approximations, one needs…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-31 Giulio Biroli , Jorge Kurchan

In spin glass models one can remove minimization of free energy by some order parameter. One can consider hierarchy of order parameters. It is possible to divide energy among these parts. We can consider relaxation process in glass system…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-08-31 D. B. Saakian

The aim of this paper is to discuss some basic notions regarding generic glass forming systems composed of particles interacting via soft potentials. Excluding explicitly hard-core interaction we discuss the so called `glass transition' in…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-13 Jean-Pierre Eckmann , Itamar Procaccia

A number of general trends are known to occur in systems displaying secondary processes in glasses and glass formers. Universal features can be identified as components of large and small cooperativeness whose competition leads to excess…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-12-16 A. Crisanti , L. Leuzzi

The description of activated relaxation of glassy systems in the multidimensional configurational space is a long-standing open problem. We develop a phenomenological description of the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of a model with a rough…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2014-10-09 Chiara Cammarota , Enzo Marinari

Glasses possess complex energy landscapes and exhibit non-equilibrium aging dynamics. Here, we propose a generalized trap model for activated aging based on a key static property of the energy landscape: the distribution of energy barriers.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-01-22 Bin Li , Deng Pan , Ting Qu , Yuliang Jin

Glassy systems reveal a wide variety of generic behaviors, which lack a unified theoretical description. Here, we study a mean-field model, recently shown to reproduce the universal non-phononic vibrational spectra of glasses, under…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-12-19 Makoto Suda , Edan Lerner , Eran Bouchbinder

In simplified models of glasses we clarify the existence of two different kinds of activated dynamics, which coexist, with one of the two dominating over the other. One is the energy barrier hopping that is typically used to picture…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-08-16 Matthew R. Carbone , Marco Baity-Jesi

We investigate the inherent structure (IS) dynamics of mean-field {\it finite-size} spin-glass models whose high-temperature dynamics is described in the thermodynamic limit by the schematic Mode Coupling Theory for super-cooled liquids.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Crisanti , F. Ritort

In this paper and in the companion one we address the problem of identifying the effective theory that describes the statistics of the fluctuations of what is thought to be the relevant order parameter for glassy systems---the overlap field…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-11-21 G. Biroli , C. Cammarota , G. Tarjus , M. Tarzia

We discuss the microscopic mechanisms by which low-temperature amorphous states, such as ultrastable glasses, transform into equilibrium fluids, after a sudden temperature increase. Experiments suggest that this process is similar to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-07-05 Robert L. Jack , Ludovic Berthier

Rich out of equilibrium collective dynamics of strongly interacting large assemblies emerge in many areas of science. Some intriguing and not fully understood examples are the glassy arrest in atomic, molecular or colloidal systems,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-05-03 Leticia F. Cugliandolo

In this article we study a simple spin model which has a non-interacting Hamiltonian but constrained dynamics. The model, which is a simplification of a purely toplogical cellular model, displays glassy behaviour, involves activated…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 Lexie Davison , David Sherrington , Juan P. Garrahan , Arnaud Buhot