Related papers: How Hot Is Radiation?
Non-equilibrium states of quantum systems in contact with thermal baths help telling environments with different temperatures or different statistics apart. We extend these studies to a more generic problem that consists in discriminating…
The main objective of this paper is to show that, within the present framework of the kinetic theoretical approach to irreversible thermodynamics, there is no evidence that provides a basis to modify the ordinary Fourier equation relating…
We show by explicit calculations that non-classical states of the radiation field can be produced by allowing short term interaction between a coherent state of the radiation field with plasma. Whereas, long term interaction, which…
Standard heat machines (engine, heat pump, refrigerator) are composed of a system ("working fluid") coupled to at least two equilibrium baths at different temperatures and periodically driven by an external device (piston or rotor) called…
The influence has been studied of the ionization laser polarization on the effective temperature of an ultracold electron source, which is based on near-threshold photoionization. This source is capable of producing both high-intensity and…
The paper offers a discrete thermodynamic model of lasers. Laser is an open system; its equilibrium is based on a balance of two thermodynamic forces, one related to the incoming pumping power and another to the emitted light. The basic…
Differing reaction rates of long-lived nuclear states can force the level occupations out of thermal equilibrium, causing calculations of overall rates which rely on thermal equilibrium to be inaccurate. Therefore, nucleosynthesis…
We present new computations of the equilibrium and non-equilibrium cooling efficiencies and ionization states for low-density radiatively cooling gas containing cosmic abundances of the elements H, He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, and Fe. We…
Rapid heating of small buried regions by laser generated fast electrons may be useful for applications such as XUV radiation sources or as drivers for shock experiments. In non-structured targets the heating profile possesses a global…
Heat exchanges are the essence of Thermodynamics. In order to investigate non-equilibrium effects like quantum coherence and correlations in heat flows we introduce the concept of apparent temperature. Its definition is based on the…
A full symmetry classification is given for models of energy transport in radiant plasma when the mass density is spatially variable and the diffusivity is nonlinear. A systematic search for conservation laws also leads to some potential…
We study transient thermal processes in infinite harmonic crystals with complex (polyatomic) lattice. Initially particles have zero displacements and random velocities such that distribution of temperature is spatially uniform. Initial…
We propose the non-relativistic finite temperature quantum wave equations for a single particle and multiple particles. We give the relation between energy eigenvalues, eigenfunctions, transition frequency and temperature, and obtain some…
We study the latent heat of the liquid-gas phase transition in symmetric nuclear matter using self-consistent mean-field calculations with a few Skyrme forces. The temperature dependence of the latent heat is rather independent of the…
We establish bounds on the maximum possible specific latent heat of cold neutron-star matter derived from hadron physics alone. Existing chiral perturbation theory computations for the equation of state, together with perturbative Quantum…
In this paper we study computationally feasible bounds for relative free energies between two many-particle systems. Specifically, we consider systems out of equilibrium that do not necessarily satisfy a fluctuation-dissipation relation,…
A study of the correlation between nuclear temperatures and symmetry energy is presented for heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies via the isospin-dependent quantum molecular-dynamics model. It is found that different symmetry…
We use a relationship between response and correlation function in nonequilibrium systems to establish a connection between the heat production and the deviations from the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation theorem. This scheme extends the…
Thermal diffusivity measurements of samples transmitting thermal radiation require adjustments to the data treatment procedures in laser flash analysis. Conventionally, an unconstrained diathermic model is used. Current results show that…
Thermal models have proven to be an useful and simple tool used to make theoretical predictions and data analysis in relativistic and ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. A new version of these models is presented here, incorporating a…