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Motivated by the bijection between Schnyder labelings of a plane triangulation and partitions of its inner edges into three trees, we look for binary labelings for quadrangulations (whose edges can be partitioned into two trees). Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Stefan Felsner , Clemens Huemer , Sarah Kappes , David Orden

List colouring is an NP-complete decision problem even if the total number of colours is three. It is hard even on planar bipartite graphs. We give a polynomial-time algorithm for solving list colouring of permutation graphs with a bounded…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-06-25 Jessica Enright , Lorna Stewart , Gabor Tardos

We define and prove isomorphisms between three combinatorial classes involving labeled trees. We also give an alternative proof by means of generating functions.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-14 Ali Chouria , Vlad-Florin Drǎgoi , Jean-Gabriel Luque

A graph drawn in a surface is a near-quadrangulation if the sum of the lengths of the faces different from 4-faces is bounded by a fixed constant. We leverage duality between colorings and flows to design an efficient algorithm for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Caroline Bang , Zdeněk Dvořák , Emily Heath , Bernard Lidický

The approach is through a singularity analysis of generating functions for 3- and 4-connected triangulations, asymptotic analysis, properties of the ${{}_3F_2}$ hypergeometric series, and Tutte's enumerative work on planar maps and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-05 D. M. Jackson , L. B. Richmond

We present a purely combinatorial solution of the problem of enumerating planar bicubic maps with hard particles. This is done by use of a bijection with a particular class of blossom trees with particles, obtained by an appropriate cutting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 J. Bouttier , P. Di Francesco , E. Guitter

The frequency allocation problem that appeared in the design of cellular telephone networks can be regarded as a multicoloring problem on a weighted hexagonal graph, which opened some still interesting mathematical problems. We generalize…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-17 Petra Sparl , Rafal Witkowski , Janez Zerovnik

We prove that for any point set P in the plane, a triangle T, and a positive integer k, there exists a coloring of P with k colors such that any homothetic copy of T containing at least ck^8 points of P, for some constant c, contains at…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-12-12 Jean Cardinal , Kolja Knauer , Piotr Micek , Torsten Ueckerdt

We introduce a simple bijection between Tamari intervals and the blossoming trees (Poulalhon and Schaeffer, 2006) encoding planar triangulations, using a new meandering representation of such trees. Its specializations to the families of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Wenjie Fang , Éric Fusy , Philippe Nadeau

We count the number of countable homogeneous colored linear orderings in $k$ colors. Relatedly, we count the number of countable $C_{n,m}$-homogeneous linear orderings. $C_{n,m}$-homogeneity is a strong homogeneity notion that approximates…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-17 David Gonzalez

Representations of planar triangulations as contact graphs of a set of internally disjoint homothetic triangles or of a set of internally disjoint homothetic squares have received quite some attention in recent years. In this paper we…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Stefan Felsner , Hendrik Schrezenmaier , Raphael Steiner

Aksenov proved that in a planar graph G with at most one triangle, every precoloring of a 4-cycle can be extended to a 3-coloring of G. We give an exact characterization of planar graphs with two triangles in that some precoloring of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-25 Zdeněk Dvořák , Bernard Lidický

Canonical orderings of planar graphs have frequently been used in graph drawing and other graph algorithms. In this paper we introduce the notion of an $(r,s)$-canonical order, which unifies many of the existing variants of canonical…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-11-04 Therese Biedl , Martin Derka

We address the problem of existence of refined (i.e., depending on a formal parameter) tropical enumerative invariants, and we present two new examples of a refined count of rational marked tropical curves. One of the new invariants counts…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Eugenii Shustin

The search for universality in random triangulations of manifolds, like those featuring in (Euclidean) Dynamical Triangulations, is central to the random geometry approach to quantum gravity. In case of the 3-sphere, or any other manifold…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-31 Timothy Budd , Luca Lionni

In this paper, we consider the problem of counting almost empty monochromatic triangles in colored planar point sets, that is, triangles whose vertices are all assigned the same color and that contain only a few interior points.…

Let G be a combinatorial graph with vertices V and edges E. A proper coloring of G is an assignment of colors to the vertices such that no edge connects two vertices of the same color. These are the colorings considered in the famous Four…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Bruce E Sagan

We introduce and study a notion of decomposition of planar point sets (or rather of their chirotopes) as trees decorated by smaller chirotopes. This decomposition is based on the concept of mutually avoiding sets (which we rephrase as…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Mathilde Bouvel , Valentin Féray , Xavier Goaoc , Florent Koechlin

A planar graph can be embedded in a piecewise linear manifold, and the lattice on each linear piece can be colored with 3-coloring. If a planar graph can be colored with multiple 3-coloring, i.e. coloring the graph in pieces with different…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-10 Shaoqing Li

We present an algorithm that enumerates all the minimal triangulations of a graph in incremental polynomial time. Consequently, we get an algorithm for enumerating all the proper tree decompositions, in incremental polynomial time, where…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Nofar Carmeli , Batya Kenig , Benny Kimelfeld , Markus Kröll