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In the present contribution we characterize law determined convex risk measures that have convex level sets at the level of distributions. By relaxing the assumptions in Weber (2006), we show that these risk measures can be identified with…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-11-04 Freddy Delbaen , Fabio Bellini , Valeria Bignozzi , Johanna F. Ziegel

Accounting for model uncertainty in risk management and option pricing leads to infinite dimensional optimization problems which are both analytically and numerically intractable. In this article we study when this hurdle can be overcome…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-01-16 Daniel Bartl , Samuel Drapeau , Ludovic Tangpi

In structural credit risk models, default events and the ensuing losses are both derived from the asset values at maturity. Hence it is of utmost importance to choose a distribution for these asset values which is in accordance with…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2016-01-13 Thilo A. Schmitt , Rudi Schäfer , Thomas Guhr

We investigate the probability equivalent level of Value at Risk and $n^{\mathrm{th}}$-order Expected Shortfall (called PELVE_n), which can be considered as a variant of the notion of the probability equivalent level of Value at Risk and…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-11-21 Matyas Barczy , Fanni K. Nedényi , László Sütő

We study a non-concave optimization problem in which a financial company maximizes the expected utility of the surplus under a risk-based regulatory constraint. For this problem, we consider four different prevalent risk constraints…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-22 An Chen , Mitja Stadje , Fangyuan Zhang

Systemic risk refers to the risk that the financial system is susceptible to failures due to the characteristics of the system itself. The tremendous cost of systemic risk requires the design and implementation of tools for the efficient…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-04-06 Zachary Feinstein , Birgit Rudloff , Stefan Weber

Managing a portfolio to a risk model can tilt the portfolio toward weaknesses of the model. As a result, the optimized portfolio acquires downside exposure to uncertainty in the model itself, what we call "second order risk." We propose a…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2009-08-19 Peter G. Shepard

Expectiles are statistical parameters which also provide a class of sublinear risk measures in finance. They are solutions of continuous optimization problems. The corresponding first order condition provides two different fixed point…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Thi Khanh Linh Ha , Andreas Heinrich Hamel , Daniel Kostner

A classical result in risk measure theory states that every coherent risk measure has a dual representation as the supremum of certain expected value over a risk envelope. We study this topic in more detail. The related issues include: 1.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-28 Marcus Ang , Jie Sun , Qiang Yao

We investigate the portfolio frontier and risk premia in equilibrium when institutional investors aim to minimize the tracking error variance under an ESG score mandate. If a negative ESG premium is priced in the market, this mandate can…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-12-12 Michele Azzone , Emilio Barucci , Davide Stocco

The use of emergent constraints to quantify uncertainty for key policy relevant quantities such as Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) has become increasingly widespread in recent years. Many researchers, however, claim that emergent…

Applications · Statistics 2020-02-19 Daniel B. Williamson , Philip G. Sansom

We consider the problem of ESO valuation in continuous time. In particular, we consider models that assume that an appropriate random time serves as a proxy for anything that causes the ESO's holder to exercise the option early, namely,…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2017-10-04 Kamil Kladivko , Mihail Zervos

This study develops an inverse portfolio optimization framework for recovering latent investor preferences including risk aversion, transaction cost sensitivity, and ESG orientation from observed portfolio allocations. Using controlled…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-14 Jinho Cha , Long Pham , Thi Le Hoa Vo , Jaeyoung Cho , Jaejin Lee

The recent empirical work of Amaya et al. (2015) has pointed out that the realized skewness, which is the sample skewness of intraday high-frequency returns of a financial asset, serves as forecasting future returns in the cross-section.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-22 Yuta Koike , Zhi Liu

The expected regret and target semi-variance are two of the most important risk measures for downside risk. When the distribution of a loss is uncertain, and only partial information of the loss is known, their worst-case values play…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-10-10 Jun Cai , Zhanyi Jiao , Tiantian Mao

In this article, by using composite asymmetric least squares (CALS) and empirical likelihood, we propose a two-step procedure to estimate the conditional value at risk (VaR) and conditional expected shortfall (ES) for the GARCH series.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-05 Sheng Wu , Yi Zhang , Jun Zhao , Liming Shen

Having reliable estimates of the occurrence rates of extreme events is highly important for insurance companies, government agencies and the general public. The rarity of an extreme event is typically expressed through its return period,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-08 Ross Towe , Jonathan Tawn , Emma Eastoe , Rob Lamb

In normal times, it is assumed that financial institutions operating in non-overlapping sectors have complementary and distinct outcomes, typically reflected in mostly uncorrelated outcomes and asset returns. Such is the reasoning behind…

General Economics · Economics 2021-01-19 Sayuj Choudhari , Richard Licheng Zhu

In the last five years, expected shortfall (ES) and stressed ES (SES) have become key required regulatory measures of market risk in the banking sector, especially following events such as the global financial crisis. Thus, finding ways to…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-16 Eden Gross , Ryan Kruger , Francois Toerien

We introduce the concept of partial law invariance, generalizing the concepts of law invariance and probabilistic sophistication widely used in decision theory, as well as statistical and financial applications. This new concept is…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-24 Yi Shen , Zachary Van Oosten , Ruodu Wang