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A branch vertex in a tree is a vertex of degree at least three. We prove that, for all $s\geq 1$, every connected graph on $n$ vertices with minimum degree at least $(\frac{1}{s+3}+o(1))n$ contains a spanning tree having at most $s$ branch…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-10 Louis DeBiasio , Allan Lo

We provide a structural description of, and invariants for, maximum spanning tree-packable graphs, i.e. those graphs G for which the edge connectivity of G is equal to the maximum number of edge-disjoint spanning trees in G. These graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-07 Robert F. Bailey , Brett Stevens

We prove infinitely many cases of conjectured sharp upper and lower bounds for the spanning tree entropy of any planar lattice graph. These bounds come from volumes of associated hyperbolic alternating links, right-angled hyperbolic…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-05-12 Abhijit Champanerkar , Ilya Kofman

The uniform spanning forest (USF) in Z^d is the weak limit of random, uniformly chosen, spanning trees in [-n,n]^d. Pemantle proved that the USF consists a.s. of a single tree if and only if d <= 4. We prove that any two components of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-04-28 Itai Benjamini , Harry Kesten , Yuval Peres , Oded Schramm

We consider lower bounds on the number of spanning trees of connected graphs with degree bounded by $d$. The question is of interest because such bounds may improve the analysis of the improvement produced by memorisation in the runtime of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-02-13 John Michael Robson

We consider all spanning trees of a complete simple graph $\Gamma$ on $n$ vertices that contain a given $m-$forest $F$. We show that the number of such spanning trees, $\tau(F)$, doesn't depend on the structure of $F$ and is completely…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-18 Peter J. Cameron , Michael Kagan

We define the notion of a spanning tree generating function (STGF) $\sum a_n z^n$, which gives the spanning tree constant when evaluated at $z=1,$ and gives the lattice Green function (LGF) when differentiated. By making use of known…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Anthony J. Guttmann , Mathew D. Rogers

We study several enumeration problems connected to linear trees, a broad class which includes stars, paths, generalized stars, and caterpillars. We provide generating functions for counting the number of linear trees on $n$ vertices,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-23 Tanay Wakhare , Eric Wityk , Charles R. Johnson

A graph is odd if all of its vertices have odd degrees. In particular, an odd spanning tree in a connected graph is a spanning tree in which all vertices have odd degrees. In this paper we establish a unified technique to enumerate odd…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Shaohan Xu , Kexiang Xu

Consider an infinite graph with nodes initially labeled by independent Bernoulli random variables of parameter p. We address the density classification problem, that is, we want to design a (probabilistic or deterministic) cellular…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-11-22 Ana Busic , Nazim Fates , Jean Mairesse , Irene Marcovici

The number of spanning trees in a graph $G$ is the total number of distinct spanning subgraphs of $G$ that are trees. In this paper we characterize the unique graph with a prescribed vertex (resp. edge) connectivity, minimum degree and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Shaohan Xu , Kexiang Xu , Ivan Damnjanović

We prove that finding a rooted subtree with at least $k$ leaves in a digraph is a fixed parameter tractable problem. A similar result holds for finding rooted spanning trees with many leaves in digraphs from a wide family $\cal L$ that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Noga Alon , Fedor Fomin , Gregory Gutin , Michael Krivelevich , Saket Saurabh

For any graph $G$ of order $n$, the spanning tree packing number \emph{$STP(G)$}, is the maximum number of edge-disjoint spanning trees contained in $G$. In this paper, we obtain some sharp lower bounds for the spanning tree numbers of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-10 Hengzhe Li , Xueliang Li , Yaping Mao , Jun Yue

We calculate exponential growth constants $\phi$ and $\sigma$ describing the asymptotic behavior of spanning forests and connected spanning subgraphs on strip graphs, with arbitrarily great length, of several two-dimensional lattices,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-11-25 Shu-Chiuan Chang , Robert Shrock

Let $T$ be a tree. A vertex of degree one is a \emph{leaf} of $T$ and a vertex of degree at least three is a \emph{branch vertex} of $T$. A graph is said to be \emph{$K_{1,4}$-free} if it does not contain $K_{1,4}$ as an induced subgraph.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-05 Pham Hoang Ha

Minimal spanning trees on infinite vertex sets are investigated. A criterion for minimality of a spanning tree having a finite length is obtained, which generalizes the corresponding classical result for finite sets. It is given an analytic…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-03-18 A. O. Ivanov , A. A. Tuzhilin

We obtain the numbers of spanning trees on the Sierpinski gasket $SG_d(n)$ with dimension $d$ equal to two, three and four. The general expression for the number of spanning trees on $SG_d(n)$ with arbitrary $d$ is conjectured. The numbers…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Shu-Chiuan Chang , Lung-Chi Chen

A scaling theory is used to derive the dependence of the average number <k> of spanning clusters at threshold on the lattice size L. This number should become independent of L for dimensions d<6, and vary as log L at d=6. The predictions…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Santo Fortunato , Amnon Aharony , Antonio Coniglio , Dietrich Stauffer

We compute the total number of spanning trees for the generalized cone of the complete graph $K_n$ and a number of families of some modified bipartite graphs $K_{m,n}$. In particular, we obtain a new method of finding the number of spanning…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-06 Zubeyir Cinkir

Let $G$ be a connected graph and $T$ a spanning tree of $G$. Let $\rho(G)$ denote the adjacency spectral radius of $G$. The $k$-excess of a vertex $v$ in $T$ is defined as $\max\{0,d_T(v)-k\}$. The total $k$-excess $\mbox{te}(T,k)$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Sizhong Zhou
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