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A classical model is presented for persistent currents in superconductors. Their existence is argued to be warranted because their decay would violate the second law of thermodynamics. This conclusion is achieved by analyzing comparatively…
The generation of a current by light is a key process in optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices. In band semiconductors, depletion fields associated with interfaces separate long-lived photo-induced carriers. However, in systems with…
This review concentrates on the specific properties and characteristics of damage structures generated with high-energy ions in the electronic energy loss regime. Irradiation experiments with so-called swift heavy ions (SHI) find…
The quest to manipulate light propagation in ways not possible with natural media has driven the development of artificially structured metamaterials. One of the most striking effects is negative refraction, where the light beam deflects…
A drastic cumulation of current density caused by electrostatic repulsion in relativistic vacuum diodes with ring-type cathodes is described theoretically and confirmed experimentally. The distinctive feature of the suggested cumulation…
The voltage-carrying state of superconducting NbTiN nanowires, used for single-photon detectors, is analyzed. Upon lowering the current, the wire returns to the superconducting state in a steplike pattern, which differs from sample to…
Thermal metamaterials have made significant advancements in the past few decades. However, the concept of thermal metamaterials is primarily rooted in the thermal conduction mechanism, which has consequently restricted their application…
Ion beam charge neutralization by electron injection is a complex kinetic process. Recent experiments show that resulting self-potential of the beam after neutralization by plasma could be much lower than the temperature of plasma electrons…
The stationary current induced by a strong running potential wave in one-dimensional system is studied. Such a wave can result from illumination of a straight quantum wire with special grating or spiral quantum wire by circular-polarized…
Nanothermochromic diffraction gratings based on the metal-insulator transition of $\mathrm{VO_2}$ are fabricated by site-selective ion beam implantation in a $\mathrm{SiO_2}$ matrix. Gratings were defined either (i) directly by spatially…
The surface of an insulating material irradiated by a beam of low energy electrons charges positively if the yield of secondary electron is greater than unity. For such a dynamical equilibrium, the thermodynamic properties have been…
We review recent experimental and theoretical progress made in the scope of swift highly charged ion channelling in crystals. The usefulness of such studies is their ability to yield impact parameter information on charge transfer…
Negative refraction is known to occur in materials that simultaneously possess a negative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability; hence they are termed negative index materials. However, there are no known natural materials that…
Free-space light beams with complex intensity patterns, or non-trivial phase structure, are demanded in diverse fields, ranging from classical and quantum optical communications, to manipulation and imaging of microparticles and cells.…
Focused ion beam irradiation of metastable Fe$_{78}$Ni$_{22}$ thin films grown on Cu(100) substrates is used to create ferromagnetic, body-centered-cubic patterns embedded into paramagnetic, face-centered-cubic surrounding. The structural…
A novel active negative index metamaterial that derives its gain from an electron beam is intro- duced. The metamaterial consists of a stack of equidistant parallel metal plates perforated by a periodic array of holes shaped as…
The ions produced via collisional ionization of the residual gas molecules in vacuum pipe with the circulating electron beam have deleterious effect on the beam properties and may become a limiting factor for the machine's performance. For…
The paper reports the results of numerical studies on the generation of heavy ions from a sub-micrometre gold target irradiated by a high-energy (60 J) high-intensity (~ 2 x 10^20 W/cm2) sub-ps laser pulse. The properties of the heavy ion…
We study the effect of laser driving on a minimal model for a hexagonal two-dimensional material with broken inversion symmetry. Through the application of circularly polarised light and coupling to a thermal free electron bath, the system…
We carry out a self-consistent analytical theory of unipolar current and noise properties of metal-semiconductor-metal structures made of highly resistive semiconductors in the presence of an applied bias of arbitrary strength. By including…