Related papers: Congested Traffic States in Empirical Observations…
We present a driven diffusive model which we call the Bus Route Model. The model is defined on a one-dimensional lattice, with each lattice site having two binary variables, one of which is conserved (``buses'') and one of which is…
In Part I of this paper series, several macroscopic traffic model elements for mathematically describing freeway networks equipped with managed lane facilities were proposed. These modeling techniques seek to capture at the macroscopic the…
We present a fluid-dynamic model for the simulation of urban traffic networks with road sections of different lengths and capacities. The model allows one to efficiently simulate the transitions between free and congested traffic, taking…
Traffic jams in urban scenarios are often caused by bottlenecks related to the street topology and road infrastructure, e.g. traffic lights and merging of lanes. Instead of addressing traffic flow optimization in a static way by extending…
Despite the vast amount of studies on pedestrian flow, the data concerning high densities are still very inadequate. We organize one large-scale pedestrian flow experiment on a ring corridor. With 278 participants, the density as high as 9…
Many-particle simulations of vehicle interactions have been quite successful in the qualitative reproduction of observed traffic patterns. However, the assumed interactions could not be measured, as human interactions are hard to quantify…
Using a stochastic cellular automaton model for urban traffic flow, we study and compare Macroscopic Fundamental Diagrams (MFDs) of arterial road networks governed by different types of adaptive traffic signal systems, under various…
Simple cellular automata models are able to reproduce the basic properties of highway traffic. The comparison with empirical data for microscopic quantities requires a more detailed description of the elementary dynamics. Based on existing…
The increasing urbanization process we have been witnessing in the last decades is accompanied by a significant increase in traffic congestion in cities around the world. The effect of the congestion is represented in the enormous time…
Microscopic traffic simulations are used to evaluate the impact of infrastructure modifications and evolving vehicle technologies, such as connected and automated driving. Simulated vehicles are controlled via car-following, lane-changing…
We critically discuss the concept of ``synchronized flow'' from a historical, empirical, and theoretical perspective. Problems related to the measurement of vehicle data are highlighted, and questionable interpretations are identified.…
We investigate the effect of quenched disorder in the Nagel-Schreckenberg model of traffic flow. Spatial inhomogenities, i.e. lattice sites where the braking probability is enlarged, are considered as well as particle disorder, i.e. cars of…
While many classical traffic models treat the spatial extension of streets continuously or by discretization into cells of a certain length, we will subdivide roads into comparatively long homogeneous road sections of constant capacity with…
Effects of a bottleneck in a linear trafficway is investigated using a simple cellular automaton model. Introducing a blockage site which transmit cars at some transmission probability into the rule-184 cellular automaton, we observe three…
We study a single-lane traffic model that is based on human driving behavior. The outflow from a traffic jam self-organizes to a critical state of maximum throughput. Small perturbations of the outflow far downstream create emergent traffic…
We discuss a phenomenological approach to the description of unstable vehicle motion on multilane highways that explains in a simple way the observed sequence of the phase transitions "free flow -> synchronized motion -> jam" as well as the…
Empirical observations and theoretical studies indicate that the overall travel-time of vehicles in a traffic network can be optimized by means of ramp metering control systems. Here, we present an analysis of traffic data of the highway…
Urban traffic is a logistic issue which can have many societal implications, especially when, due to a too high density of cars, the network of streets of a city becomes blocked, and consequently, pedestrians, bicycles, and cars start…
Hybrid traffic modeling and simulation provide an important way to represent and evaluate large-scale traffic networks at different levels of details. The first level, called "microscopic" allows the description of individual vehicles and…
This paper presents a second-order model of capacity drop at expressway lane-drop bottlenecks. The model is an extension of Jin's model (Jin, 2017). This model captures not only the stationary state associated with the capacity drop but…