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We introduce a dictionary containing forms of common words in various Swiss German dialects normalized into High German. As Swiss German is, for now, a predominantly spoken language, there is a significant variation in the written forms,…
In this paper, we attempt to solve the problem of Prepositional Phrase (PP) attachments in English. The motivation for the work comes from NLP applications like Machine Translation, for which, getting the correct attachment of prepositions…
Let $ D=(V,E) $ be a (possibly infinite) digraph and $ A,B\subseteq V $. A hindrance consists of an $ AB $-separator $ S $ together with a set of disjoint $ AS $-paths linking a proper subset of $ A $ onto $ S $. Hindrances and…
We describe a method for analysing the temporal structure of a discourse which takes into account the effects of tense, aspect, temporal adverbials and rhetorical structure and which minimises unnecessary ambiguity in the temporal…
Language models perform well on grammatical agreement, but it is unclear whether this reflects rule-based generalization or memorization. We study this question for German definite singular articles, whose forms depend on gender and case.…
Using low dimensional vector space to represent words has been very effective in many NLP tasks. However, it doesn't work well when faced with the problem of rare and unseen words. In this paper, we propose to leverage the knowledge in…
Current distributed representations of words show little resemblance to theories of lexical semantics. The former are dense and uninterpretable, the latter largely based on familiar, discrete classes (e.g., supersenses) and relations (e.g.,…
We present a dataset and a model for sentiment analysis of German sign language (DGS) fairy tales. First, we perform sentiment analysis for three levels of valence (negative, neutral, positive) on German fairy tales text segments using four…
Even though fine-tuned neural language models have been pivotal in enabling "deep" automatic text analysis, optimizing text representations for specific applications remains a crucial bottleneck. In this study, we look at this problem in…
Most representation learning algorithms for language and image processing are local, in that they identify features for a data point based on surrounding points. Yet in language processing, the correct meaning of a word often depends on its…
Typed feature structures are used extensively for the specification of linguistic information in many formalisms. The subsumption relation orders TFSs by their information content. We prove that subsumption of acyclic TFSs is well-founded,…
The main result of this paper is that the polytope of the bipartite TSP is significantly different from that of the general TSP. Comb inequalities are known as facet defining ones in the general case. In the bipartite case, however, many of…
The Pareto dominance relation of a preference profile is (the asymmetric part of) a partial order. For any integer n, the problem of the existence of an n-agent preference profile that generates the given Pareto dominance relation is to…
While alignment of texts on the sentential level is often seen as being too coarse, and word alignment as being too fine-grained, bi- or multilingual texts which are aligned on a level in-between are a useful resource for many purposes.…
We consider an extension of the setting of label ranking, in which the learner is allowed to make predictions in the form of partial instead of total orders. Predictions of that kind are interpreted as a partial abstention: If the learner…
We formalize human language understanding as a structured prediction task where the output is a partially ordered set (poset). Current encoder-decoder architectures do not take the poset structure of semantics into account properly, thus…
The translation of gender-neutral person-referring terms (e.g., the students) is often non-trivial. Translating from English into German poses an interesting case -- in German, person-referring nouns are usually gender-specific, and if the…
Segmentation remains an important preprocessing step both in languages where "words" or other important syntactic/semantic units (like morphemes) are not clearly delineated by white space, as well as when dealing with continuous speech…
In a consistent text, many words and phrases are repeatedly used in more than one sentence. When an identical phrase (a set of consecutive words) is repeated in different sentences, the constituent words of those sentences tend to be…
Word segmentation and part-of-speech tagging are two critical preliminary steps for downstream tasks in Vietnamese natural language processing. In reality, people tend to consider also the phrase boundary when performing word segmentation…