Related papers: Energy Flow in the Universe
The cause for the observed acceleration in the expansion of the universe is unknown, and referred to as "dark energy" for convenience. Dark energy could be an unknown energy component, or a modification of Einstein's general relativity.…
A review. Problems: 1-Many empirical parameters and large dimension number; 2-Gravitation and Electrodynamics are challenged by dark matter and energy. Energy and nonlinear electrodynamics are fundamental in a unified nonlinear interaction.…
Super-high energy corpuscular and gamma rays as well as cosmic high--power density sources are hard to explain in a galaxy model framework. Attempts to include some of those phenomena in the Standard Cosmological Model also encounter…
Nerd abstract: Observational constraints on spacetime are reviewed, focusing on how the underlying physics (dark matter, dark energy, gravity) can be tested rather than assumed. Popular abstract: Space is not a boring static stage on which…
Cosmic Probes of Fundamental Physics take two primary forms: Very high energy particles (cosmic rays, neutrinos, and gamma rays) and gravitational waves. Already today, these probes give access to fundamental physics not available by any…
Our universe has multiple examples of unexplained gravitational losses in black holes and neutron stars. The smallest black holes of about 4 solar masses means the maximum baryon density \rho \approx 10^{17} grams/cm^3. Any collapse of the…
In a four dimensional manifold formalism we study the evolutionary behavior as well as the ultimate fate of the universe, in the course of which the contribution of dark energy in these phases are investigated. At one stage we get a…
It is shown that so-called dark energy could possible be a manifestation of the gravitational vortex producing the "gravitomagnetic" (GM) force field: associated with cosmic matter rotation and inertial spacetime frame dragging. The general…
Dark energy is the candidate that can produce effective negative pressure and make the galaxies and galaxy clusters move away from each other in an accelerated way. The structures of the Universe have evolved from some initial primordial…
The physics of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays will be reviewed, discussing the latest experimental results and theoretical models aiming at explaining the observations in terms of spectra, mass composition and possible sources. It will be…
The article deals with the role of gravitational radiation energy in the large-scale dynamics of the universe. Motivated by the observed accelerated expansion, we investigate whether gravitational energy, treated as a well-defined physical…
Cosmoparticle physics offers the exciting challenge for the new Millenium to come to the true knowledge on the basic natural laws and on the way, they govern the creation and evolution of the Universe with all the forms of its present…
I give a brief critical review of the predicted intensity of diffuse high energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin over the energy range from 10^12 eV to 10^24 eV. Neutrinos from interactions of galactic cosmic rays with interstellar matter…
The topic of this review is the particle astrophysics of high energy neutrinos. High energy is defined as $E_{\nu} > 100$~MeV. Main topics include: -- atmospheric neutrinos and muons from $\pi$, $K$ and charm decay. They probe uncharted…
Cosmic explosions dissipate energy into their surroundings on a very wide range of time-scales: producing shock waves and associated particle acceleration. The historical culprits for the acceleration of the bulk of Galactic cosmic rays are…
In trying to explain the present accelerated expansion of the universe in the light of a five-dimensional Brans-Dicke theory, it is found that the fifth dimension itself here acts as a source of dark energy. It may be taken as a…
Relativistic outflows are a common phenomenon in accreting black holes. Despite the enormous differences in scale, accreting stellar-mass black holes (X-ray binaries, collapsars) and super-massive black holes produce jets with analogous…
The traditional "explanation" for the observed acceleration of the universe is the existence of a positive cosmological constant. However, this can hardly be a truly convincing explanation, as an expanding universe is not expected to have a…
The universe is found to have undergone several phases in which the gravitational constant had different behaviors. During some epochs the energy density of the universe remained constant and the universe remained static. In the radiation…
We describe the very nature of the elementary particles, which our (visible) Universe consists of. We point out that they are not point-like, and we depict their ways of interacting. We also address puzzles that occur even in the absence of…