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We derive the basic equations of the cosmological first-order post-Newtonian approximation from the recently formulated fully nonlinear and exact cosmological perturbation theory in Einstein's gravity. Apparently the latter, being exact,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Hyerim Noh , Jai-chan Hwang

The conformal method for constructing initial data for Einstein's equations is presented in both the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian picture (extrinsic curvature decomposition and conformal thin sandwich formalism, respectively), and advantages…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Harald P. Pfeiffer

The initial value problem of scalar-tensor theories of gravity (STT) is analyzed in the physical (Jordan) frame using a 3+1 decomposition of spacetime. A first order strongly hyperbolic system is obtained for which the well posedness of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Marcelo Salgado , David Martinez-del Rio

We consider inverse problems for the Einstein equation with a time-depending metric on a 4-dimensional globally hyperbolic Lorentzian manifold $(M,g)$. We formulate the concept of active measurements for relativistic models. We do this by…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-05-30 Yaroslav Kurylev , Matti Lassas , Gunther Uhlmann

A broad class of generalized Einstein's gravity can be cast into Einstein's gravity with a minimally coupled scalar field using suitable conformal rescaling of the metric. Using this conformal equivalence between the theories, we derive the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-30 J. Hwang

We present the first steps needed for an analysis of the perturbations that occur in the cosmology associated with the conformal gravity theory. We discuss the implications of conformal invariance for perturbative coordinate gauge choices,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-30 Philip D. Mannheim

We review and strengthen the arguments given by Einstein to derive his first gravitational field equation for static fields and show that, although it was ultimately rejected, it follows from General Relativity (GR) for negligible pressure.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-15 Juan Betancort-Rijo , Felipe Jimenez Ibarra

In recent years, the use of conformal transformation techniques has become widespread in the literature on gravitational theories alternative to general relativity, on cosmology, and on nonminimally coupled scalar fields. Typically, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Valerio Faraoni , Edgard Gunzig , Pasquale Nardone

We consider the problem of the initial conditions and behaviour of the perturbations in scalar field cosmology with general potential. We use the general definition of adiabatic and isocurvature conditions to set the appropriate initial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Francesca Perrotta , Carlo Baccigalupi

Effective Field Theory (EFT) is an efficient method for parametrizing unknown high energy physics effects on low energy data. When applied to time-dependent backgrounds, EFT must be supplemented with initial conditions. In these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Porrati

A class of vacuum initial-data sets is described which are based on certain expressions for the extrinsic curvature first studied and employed by Bowen and York. These expressions play a role for the momentum constraint of general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert Beig

Higher-order gravity models have been recently the subject of much attention in the context of cosmic acceleration. These models are derived by adding various curvature invariants to the Einstein-Hilbert action. Several studies showed that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Mustapha Ishak , Jacob Moldenhauer

Emergent modified gravity presents a new set of generally covariant gravitational theories in which the space-time metric is not directly given by one of the fundamental fields. A metric compatible with the modified dynamics of gravity is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-09 Martin Bojowald , Erick I. Duque

Recall that the usual Einstein metrics are those for which the first Ricci contraction of the covariant Riemann curvature tensor is proportional to the metric. Assuming the same type of restrictions but instead on the different contractions…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2010-05-11 Mohammed Larbi Labbi

The theory of gravity with a quadratic contribution of scalar curvature is investigated using a dynamical systems approach. The simplest Friedmann--Robertson--Walker metric is employed to formulate the dynamics in both the Jordan frame and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-19 Orest Hrycyna

We discuss the implementation, to the case of compact manifolds, of the perturbative method of Friedrich-Butscher for the construction of solutions to the vaccum Einstein constraint equations. This method is of a perturbative nature and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-18 J. A. Valiente Kroon , J. L. Williams

We develop a method for solving the field equations of a quadratic gravitational theory coupled to matter. The quadratic terms are written as a function of the matter stress tensor and its derivatives in such a way to have, order by order,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 M. Campanelli , C. O. Lousto , J. Audretsch

In this manuscript, we put forth a general scheme for defining initial value problems from Einstein's equations of General Relativity constrained by homogeneous and isotropic expansion. The cosmological models arising as solutions are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-06 Leandro G. Gomes , Marcelo A. C. Nogueira , Lucas Ruiz dos Santos

A formulation of Einstein's gravitational field equations in four space-time dimensions is presented using generalized differential forms and Cartan's equations for metric geometries. Cartan's structure equations are extended by using…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-21 D C Robinson

The field equations of pre-geometric theories of gravity are derived and analysed, both without and with matter. After the spontaneous symmetry breaking that reduces the gauge symmetry of these theories \`a la Yang-Mills, a metric structure…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-05 Giuseppe Meluccio