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We study a spherical, self-gravitating fluid model, which finds applications in cosmic structure formation. We argue that since the system features nonlinearity and gravity-induced dispersion, the emergence of solitons becomes possible. We…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2024-02-21 G. N. Koutsokostas , S. Sypsas , O. Evnin , T. P. Horikis , D. J. Frantzeskakis

We study the effects of inhomogeneities on the evolution of the Universe, by considering a range of cosmological models with discretized matter content. This is done using exact and fully relativistic methods that exploit the symmetries in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-17 Timothy Clifton , Daniele Gregoris , Kjell Rosquist , Reza Tavakol

The gravitational instability of inhomogeneities in the expanding universe is studied by the relativistic second-order approximation. Using the tetrad formalism we consider irrotational dust universes and get equations very similar to those…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 H. Russ , M. Morita , M. Kasai , G. Boerner

There are now evidences that the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ has a non-zero positive value. Alternative scenarios to a pure cosmological constant model are provided by quintessence, an effective negative pressure fluid permeating the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Antonio Vale , Jose' P. S. Lemos

Inhomogeneous cosmological perturbation equations are derived in loop quantum gravity, taking into account corrections in particular in gravitational parts. This provides a framework for calculating the evolution of modes in structure…

Evolution of scalar perturbations in a universe containing solid matter with positive pressure is studied. Solution for pure solid is found and matched with solution for ideal fluid, including the case when the pressure to energy density…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-29 Vladimír Balek , Matej Škovran

We investigate spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of thick matter shell without radiation in the Einstein gravity with cosmological constant. The orbit of the infalling thick matter is determined by imposing an equation of state…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-10 Shuichi Yokoyama

We review the study of inhomogeneous perturbations about a homogeneous and isotropic background cosmology. We adopt a coordinate based approach, but give geometrical interpretations of metric perturbations in terms of the expansion, shear…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-23 Karim A. Malik , David Wands

In this letter we review the separate universe approach for cosmological perturbations and point out that it is essentially the lowest order approximation to a gradient expansion. Using this approach, one can study the nonlinear evolution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. I. Rigopoulos , E. P. S. Shellard

We introduce a cosmological model in the framework of Generalised Massive Gravity. This theory is an extension of non-linear massive gravity with a broken translation symmetry in the St\"uckelberg space. In a recent work, we showed the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-25 Michael Kenna-Allison , A. Emir Gumrukcuoglu , Kazuya Koyama

Some models of modified gravity and their observational manifestations are considered. It is shown, that gravitating systems with mass density rising with time evolve to a singular state with infinite curvature scalar. The universe…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-02 E. V. Arbuzova

Oscillating solutions to the effective equations of Loop Quantum Cosmology have been suggested for the role of an `eternal seed', providing a possible starting point for the emergent universe scenario. We investigate the stability of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-19 Audrey T. Mithani , Alexander Vilenkin

The gravitational clustering of collisionless particles in an expanding universe is modelled using some simple physical ideas. I show that it is indeed possible to understand the nonlinear clustering in terms of three well defined regimes:…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-08 T. Padmanabhan

The linear cosmological perturbation theory of an almost homogeneous and isotropic perfect fluid universe is reconsidered and formally simplified by introducing new covariant and gauge-invariant variables with physical interpretations on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-19 Winfried Zimdahl

We investigate homogeneous and isotropic oscillating cosmologies with multiple fluid components. Transfer of energy between these fluids is included in order to model the effects of non-equilibrium behavior on closed universes. We find…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 T. Clifton , John D. Barrow

Gravitation governs the expansion and fate of the universe, and the growth of large scale structure within it, but has not been tested in detail on these cosmic scales. The observed acceleration of the expansion may provide signs of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-29 Eric V. Linder

We consider a new variant of cosmological perturbation theory that has been designed specifically to include non-linear density contrasts on scales 100 Mpc, while still allowing for linear fluctuations on larger scales. This theory is used…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-08 Christopher S. Gallagher , Timothy Clifton

We give a rigorous and mathematically well defined presentation of the Covariant and Gauge Invariant theory of scalar perturbations of a Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe for Fourth Order Gravity, where the matter is described by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Carloni , P. K. S. Dunsby , A. Troisi

I review the basic ``gravitational instability'' model for the growth of structure in the expanding Universe. This model requires the existence of small initial irregularities in the density of a largely uniform universe. These grow through…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Coles

Observations show that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating. This requires that the dominant constituent of matter in the Universe has some unusual properties like negative pressure. This exotic component has been given the name…

Popular Physics · Physics 2019-01-17 Manvendra Pratap Rajvanshi , Tuneer Chakraborty , J. S. Bagla