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Recently a modified version of Rastall theory of gravity has been introduced in which a varying coupling parameter could act as dark energy (DE) and thus, it can be held responsible for the current accelerated expansion of the Universe.…
An overview of some recent developments in inhomogeneous models is presented. As the volume and precision of cosmological data improves, it will become more and more essential to understand the non-linear behaviour of the Einstein field…
The Einstein equations for an inhomogeneous irrotational dust universe are analysed. A set of mild assumptions, all of which are shared by the standard FLRW type scenarios, results in a model that depends only on the distribution of scalar…
We study the dynamics of small inhomogeneities in an expanding universe collapsing to form bound structures using full solutions of the Einstein-Vlasov (N-body) equations. We compare these to standard Newtonian N-body solutions using…
We study the evolution of linear density perturbations in a large spherical void universe which accounts for the acceleration of the cosmic volume expansion without introducing dark energy. The density contrast of this void is not large…
The abundance and distribution of collapsed objects such as galaxy clusters will become an important tool to investigate the nature of dark energy and dark matter. Number counts of very massive objects are sensitive not only to the equation…
The stability properties of the Einstein Static solution of General Relativity are altered when corrective terms arising from modification of the underlying gravitational theory appear in the cosmological equations. In this paper the…
We study the evolution of the fine-structure constant, $\alpha$, induced by non-linear density perturbations in the context of the simplest class of quintessence models with a non-minimal coupling to the electromagnetic field, in which the…
Flat and open universe models are considered, containing a mixture of cold matter (dust) and radiation interacting only through gravity, with the aim of studying their stability with respect to linear scalar perturbations. To this end the…
Assuming that the relativistic universe is homogeneous and isotropic, we can unambiguously determine its model and physical properties, which correspond with the Einstein general theory of relativity (and with its two special partial…
We investigate a spherical collapse model with and without the spatial curvature. We obtain the exact solutions of dynamical quantities such as the ratio of the scale factor to its value at the turnaround epoch and the ratio of the…
Exact solutions for a model with variable $G$, $\Lambda$ and bulk viscosity are obtained. Inflationary solutions with constant (de Sitter-type) and variable energy density are found. An expanding anisotropic universe is found to isotropize…
We investigate a class of cosmological solutions of Einstein's field equations in higher dimensions with a cosmological constant and an ideal fluid matter distribution as a source. We discuss the dynamical evolution of the universe subject…
We consider the evolution of perturbed cosmological spacetime with multiple fluids and fields in Einstein gravity. Equations are presented in gauge-ready forms, and are presented in various forms using the curvature (\Phi or \phi_\chi) and…
We consider a model for gravity that is invariant under global scale transformations. It includes one extra real scalar field coupled non-minimally to the gravity fields. In this model all the dimensionful parameters like the gravitational…
The paper presents results for deriving closed-form analytic solutions of the evolution of inhomogeneities in a homogeneous spatially flat multicomponent cosmological model. Mathematical methods to derive computable forms of the…
In this manuscript, we studied the accelerated expansion history of the universe and the formations of large-scale structures using $f(Q)$ gravity model. The expansion rate of the universe within distance modulus and redshift has been…
Dynamical system methods are used in the study of the stability of spatially flat homogeneous cosmologies within a large class of generalized modified gravity models in the presence of a relativistic matter-radiation fluid. The present…
During the evolution of density inhomogeneties in an $\Omega=1$, matter dominated universe, the typical density contrast changes from $\delta\simeq 10^{-4}$ to $\delta\simeq 10^2$. However, during the same time, the typical value of the…
A gauge-invariant, linear cosmological perturbation theory of an almost homogeneous and isotropic universe with dynamically evolving Newton constant G and cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is presented. The equations governing the evolution…