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Having completed its commissioning phase, the Advanced Rayleigh guided Ground-layer adaptive Optics System (ARGOS) facility is coming online for scientific observations at the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). With six Rayleigh laser guide…

In the context of the GRAVITY+ upgrade, the adaptive optics (AO) systems of the GRAVITY interferometer are undergoing a major lifting. The current CILAS deformable mirrors (DM, 90 actuators) will be replaced by ALPAO kilo-DMs (43x43, 1432…

Multi-object adaptive optics (MOAO) has been demonstrated by the CANARY instrument on the William Herschel Telescope. However, for proposed MOAO systems on the next generation Extremely Large Telescopes, such as EAGLE, many challenges…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 A. G. Basden , N. A. Bharmal , R. M. Myers , S. L. Morris , T. J. Morris

First multi-conjugate adaptive-optical (MCAO) systems are currently being installed on solar telescopes. The aim of these systems is to increase the corrected field-of-view with respect to conventional adaptive optics. However, this first…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Aglae Kellerer

Exoplanet direct imaging using adaptive optics (AO) is often limited by non-common path aberrations (NCPAs) and aberrations that are invisible to traditional pupil-plane wavefront sensors (WFSs). This can be remedied by focal-plane (FP)…

Optical imperfections, misalignments, aberrations, and even dust can significantly limit sensitivity in high-contrast imaging systems such as coronagraphs. An upstream deformable mirror (DM) in the pupil can be used to correct or compensate…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Johanan L. Codona , Matthew Kenworthy

Since its beginnings, diffraction-limited ground-based adaptive optics (AO) imaging has been limited to wavelengths in the near IR ({\lambda} > 1 micron) and longer. Visible AO ({\lambda} < 1 micron) has proven to be difficult because…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-08-03 Derek Kopon , Jared R. Males , Laird M. Close , Victor Gasho

Ground-based imagers at 8m class telescopes assisted by Multi conjugate Adaptive Optics are primary facilities to obtain accurate photometry and proper motions in dense stellar fields. We observed the central region of the globular clusters…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-21 E. Dalessandro , S. Saracino , L. Origlia , E. Marchetti , F. R. Ferraro , B. Lanzoni , D. Geisler , R. E Cohen , F. Mauro , S. Villanova

Most current astronomical adaptive optics (AO) systems rely on the availability of a bright star to measure the distortion of the incoming wavefront. Replacing the guide star with an artificial laser beacon alleviates this dependency on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 E. Steinbring , S. M. Faber , B. A. Macintosh , D. Gavel , E. L. Gates

Multi-conjugated adaptive optics (MCAO) yield nearly diffraction-limited images at 2$\mu$m wavelengths. Currently, GeMS/GSAOI at Gemini South is the only MCAO facility instrument at an 8m telescope. Using real data and for the first time,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-08 Mischa Schirmer , Vincent Garrel , Gaetano Sivo , Eduardo Marin , Eleazar R. Carrasco

We review astronomical results in the visible (lambda <1 micron) with adaptive optics and note the status the MagAO system and the recent upgrade to visible camera's Simultaneous/Spectra Differential Imager (SDI to SDI+) mode. Since…

Astronomical telescopes suffer from a tradeoff between field of view (FoV) and image resolution: increasing the FoV leads to an optical field that is under-sampled by the science camera. This work presents a novel computational imaging…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-07 Robin Swanson , Esther Y. H. Lin , Masen Lamb , Suresh Sivanandam , Kiriakos N. Kutulakos

Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) is essential for increasing the corrected Field-of-View (FoV) in astronomical imaging and potentially for free-space optical communications, particularly for small-aperture, transportable systems. We…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-26 Tommaso Furieri , Stefano Bonora

Multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) systems have the potential to deliver diffraction-limited images over much larger fields of view than traditional single conjugate adaptive optics systems. In MCAO, the high altitude deformable mirrors…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-19 Marcos A. van Dam , Yolanda Martín Hernando , Miguel Núñez Cagigal , Luzma M. Montoya

The major cornerstone of future ground-based astronomy is imaging and spectroscopy at the diffraction limit using adaptive optics. To exploit the potential of current AO systems, we have begun a survey around bright stars to study…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. I. Davies , M. Lehnert , A. J. Baker , S. Rabien

Context. Adaptive optics (AO) systems greatly increase the resolution of large telescopes, but produce complex point spread function (PSF) shapes, varying in time and across the field of view. This PSF must be accurately known since it…

Adaptive Optics (AO) is an innovative technique that substantially improves the optical performance of ground-based telescopes. The SOAR Adaptive Module (SAM) is a laser-assisted AO instrument, designed to compensate ground-layer…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-28 D. M. Faes , A. Tokovinin , T. Vieira , A. Mello , M. Domingues , D. Andrade , B. C. Quint , J. B. Santos

The advent of a new generation of Adaptive Optics systems called Wide Field AO (WFAO) mark the beginning of a new era. By using multiple Guide Stars (GSs), either Laser Guide Stars (LGSs) or Natural Guide Stars (NGSs), WFAO significantly…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Benoit Neichel , Elena Masciadri , Andrés R. Guesalaga , Franck Lascaux , Clémentine Béchet

We present revised point-spread functions (PSFs) for the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). These PSFs provide a robust estimate of the light diffracted by the meshes holding the entrance and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-26 Stefan Hofmeister , Daniel Wolf Savin , Michael Hahn

On certain extent the behavior of the Adaptive Optics correction for Extremely Large Telescope scales with diameter size. But in Ground Layer Adaptive Optics the combined effect of a Large Field of View and the large overlap of Guide Stars…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-19 Carmelo Arcidiacono , Roberto Ragazzoni