Related papers: Instruments without optics: an integrated photonic…
The advantages of convergent beam electron diffraction for symmetry determination at the scale of a few nm are well known. In practice, the approach is often limited due to the restriction on the angular range of the electron beam imposed…
When used with coherent light, optical imaging systems, even diffraction-limited, are inherently unable to reproduce both the amplitude and the phase of a two-dimensional field distribution because their impulse response function varies…
The application of photonics to astronomy offers major advantages in the area of highly-multiplexed spectroscopy, especially when applied to extremely large telescopes. These include the suppression of the near-infrared night-sky spectrum…
We suggest a scheme to manipulate paraxial diffraction by utilizing the dependency of a four-wave mixing process on the relative angle between the light fields. A microscopic model for four-wave mixing in a Lambda-type level structure is…
The use of probabilistic amplification for astronomical imaging is discussed. Probabilistic single photon amplification has been theoretically proven and practically demonstrated in quantum optical laboratories. In astronomy it should allow…
This paper discusses some of the challenges of spectro-polarimetric observations with a large aperture solar telescope such as the ATST or the EST. The observer needs to reach a compromise among spatial and spectral resolution, time…
Pseudoscopic (inverted depth) images that keep a continuous parallax were shown to be possible by use of a double diffraction process intermediated by a slit. One diffraction grating directing light to the slit acts as a wavelength encoder…
Based on diffraction theory and the propagation of the light, Fourier optics is a powerful tool allowing the estimation of a visible-range imaging system to transfer the spatial frequency components of an object. The analyses of the imaging…
Integral-field-spectroscopy and multi-object-spectroscopy provide the high multiplex gain required for efficient use of the upcoming generation of extremely large telescopes. We present instrument developments and designs for both concepts,…
The far-field resolution of optical imaging systems is restricted by the Abbe diffraction limit, a direct result of the wave nature of light. One successful technological approach to circumventing this limit is to reduce the effective size…
We describe the optimum telescope focal ratio for a two-element, three surface, telecentric image-transfer microlens-to-fiber coupled integral field unit within the constraints imposed by micro-optics fabrication and optical aberrations. We…
In computational optics, numerical modeling of diffraction between arbitrary planes offers unparalleled flexibility. However, existing methods suffer from the trade-off between computational accuracy and efficiency. To resolve this dilemma,…
A long-held vision has been to realize diffraction-limited optical aperture synthesis over kilometer baselines. This will enable imaging of stellar surfaces and their environments, and reveal interacting gas flows in binary systems. An…
Diffraction is a manifestation of light at edge due to its wavelike nature. The well-known diffraction phenomena are Fresnel and Fraunhofer, they find variety of applications individually. But the synergy of two phenomena is not studied and…
Imaging of scenes using light or other wave phenomena is subject to the diffraction limit. The spatial profile of a wave propagating between a scene and the imaging system is distorted by diffraction resulting in a loss of resolution that…
Optical aberrations prevent telescopes from reaching their theoretical diffraction limit. Once estimated, these aberrations can be compensated for using deformable mirrors in a closed loop. Focal plane wavefront sensing enables the…
Overcoming diffraction limit is crucial for obtaining high-resolution image and observing fine microstructure. With this conventional difficulty still puzzling us and the prosperous development of wave dynamics of light interacting with…
We report a simple, novel sub-diffraction method, i.e. diffraction interference induced super-focusing in second-harmonic (SH) Talbot effect, to achieve focusing size of less than {\lambda}_pump/8 without involving evanescent waves or…
The useful dynamic range of an image in the diffraction limited regime is usually limited by speckles caused by residual phase errors in the optical system forming the image. The technique of speckle decorrelation involves introducing many…
We propose a nonlinear imaging scheme with undetected photons that overcomes the diffraction limit by transferring near-field information at one wavelength to far-field information of a correlated photon with a different wavelength…