Related papers: Bayesian Estimation of Hardness Ratios: Modeling a…
The ratio of Bayesian evidences is a popular tool in cosmology to compare different models. There are however several issues with this method: Bayes' ratio depends on the prior even in the limit of non-informative priors, and Jeffrey's…
We have developed a new Bayesian method to correct the flux densities of astronomical sources. The hybrid method combines a simulated likelihood to model survey selection together with an analytic source-count-based prior. The simulated…
Transmission spectroscopy, which consists of measuring the wavelength-dependent absorption of starlight by a planet's atmosphere during a transit, is a powerful probe of atmospheric composition. However, the expected signal is typically…
The ratios between different baryonic species masses are studied. The result is used to tentatively predict some missing baryonic masses, still not experimentally observed.
Interpretation of x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) experiments is often done via analyzing the role of particular atoms in the formation of specific peaks in the calculated spectrum. Typically, this is achieved by calculating…
The weak value, the average result of a weak measurement, has proven useful for probing quantum and classical systems. Examples include the amplification of small signals, investigating quantum paradoxes, and elucidating fundamental quantum…
Characterization of photon statistics of a light source is one of the most basic tools in quantum optics. Although the outcome from existing methods is believed to be a good approximation when the measured light is sufficiently weak, there…
A new line of research uses compression methods to measure the similarity between signals. Two signals are considered similar if one can be compressed significantly when the information of the other is known. The existing compression-based…
Bayesian analysis is a framework for parameter estimation that applies even in uncertainty regimes where the commonly used local (frequentist) analysis based on the Cram\'er-Rao bound is not well defined. In particular, it applies when no…
Based on an initial expectation from laboratory measurements or instrument simulations, photometric passbands are usually subject to refinements. These refinements use photometric observations of astronomical sources with known spectral…
We investigate interference of optical fields by examining the probability distribution of photon detection. The usual description of interference patterns in terms of superposition of classical mean fields with definite phases is…
In order to determine the chemical freeze-out parameters of the hadron-emitting source in relativistic heavy ion collisions some studies in literature perform fits by using as data input a subsample of ratios calculated out of…
Absorption spectroscopy is routinely used to characterise chemical and biological samples. For the state-of-the-art in absorption spectroscopy, precision is theoretically limited by shot-noise due to the fundamental Poisson-distribution of…
In certain cases of astronomical data analysis, the meaningful physical quantity to extract is the ratio $R$ between two data sets. Examples include the lensing ratio, the interloper rate in spectroscopic redshift samples, the decay rate of…
This paper proposes a method for estimating and detecting optical signals in practical photon-counting receivers. There are two important aspects of non-perfect photon-counting receivers, namely, (i) dead time which results in blocking…
Modern imaging techniques heavily rely on Bayesian statistical models to address difficult image reconstruction and restoration tasks. This paper addresses the objective evaluation of such models in settings where ground truth is…
It is an empirical question whether photons always obey Bose-Einstein statistics, but devising and interpreting experimental tests of photon statistics can be a challenge. The nonrelativistic cross section for Compton scattering illustrates…
A critical step in data analysis for many different types of experiments is the identification of features with theoretically defined shapes in N-dimensional datasets; examples of this process include finding peaks in multi-dimensional…
In high-dimensional Bayesian statistics, various methods have been developed, including prior distributions that induce parameter sparsity to handle many parameters. Yet, these approaches often overlook the rich spectral structure of the…
A theory is presented for the photodetection statistics of radiation produced by current fluctuations in a phase-coherent conductor. Deviations are found from the Poisson statistics that would result from a classical current. For detection…