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Prediction of future observations is an important and challenging problem. The two mainstream approaches for quantifying prediction uncertainty use prediction regions and predictive distributions, respectively, with the latter believed to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-13 Leonardo Cella , Ryan Martin

In-line polarimeters perform non-destructive polarization measurements of optical signals, and play a critical role in monitoring and controlling the polarization environment in for example optical networks. While current in-line…

Optics · Physics 2015-12-10 J. P. Balthasar Müller , Kristjan Leosson , Federico Capasso

A standard procedure to achieve accurate, precise, and fast polarization measurement is to choose analyzing and generating polarization states that yield an $\ell^2$-condition number optimized instrument matrix. This strategy works well for…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-30 Yuxi Cai , An Aloysius Wang , Chao He

Polar codes are introduced for discrete memoryless broadcast channels. For $m$-user deterministic broadcast channels, polarization is applied to map uniformly random message bits from $m$ independent messages to one codeword while…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-15 Naveen Goela , Emmanuel Abbe , Michael Gastpar

The random error of radioastronomical measurements is usually computed in the weak-signal limit, which assumes that the system temperature is sensibly the same on and off source, or with and without a spectral line. This assumption is often…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 H. Liszt

In laser gravitational waves detectors optical loss restricts sensitivity. We discuss polarization scattering as one more possible mechanism of optical losses. Circulated inside interferometer light is polarized and after reflection its…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-20 Sergey P. Vyatchanin

Material classification is a fundamental problem in computer vision and plays a crucial role in scene understanding. Previous studies have explored various material recognition methods based on reflection properties such as color, texture,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ryota Maeda , Naoki Arikawa , Yutaka No , Shinsaku Hiura

Linear (spectro) polarimetry is usually performed using separate photon flux measurements after spatial or temporal polarization modulation. Such classical polarimeters are limited in sensitivity and accuracy by systematic effects and…

Optics · Physics 2010-05-28 Frans Snik , Theodora Karalidi , Christoph U. Keller

The abundance of data produced daily from large variety of sources has boosted the need of novel approaches on causal inference analysis from observational data. Observational data often contain noisy or missing entries. Moreover, causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-14 Fani Tsapeli , Peter Tino , Mirco Musolesi

We present a novel analysis method for measurements of polarization transferred in $A(\vec{e},e'\vec{N})$ experiments, which can be applied to other kinds of polarization measurements as well. In this method the polarization transfer…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-08-15 D. Izraeli , I. Mardor , E. O. Cohen , M. Duer , T. Y. Izraeli , I. Korover , J. Lichtenstadt , E. Piasetzky

Most NLP datasets are not annotated with protected attributes such as gender, making it difficult to measure classification bias using standard measures of fairness (e.g., equal opportunity). However, manually annotating a large dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Kawin Ethayarajh

Polarimetric observations are affected by leakage of unpolarized light into the polarization channels, in a way that varies with the angular position of the source relative to the optical axis. The off-axis part of the leakage is often…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 R. I. Reid , A. D. Gray , T. L. Landecker , A. G. Willis

Entropic uncertainty relations are powerful tools, especially in quantum cryptography. They typically bound the amount of uncertainty a third-party adversary may hold on a measurement outcome as a result of the measurement overlap. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-18 Walter O. Krawec

Quantifying the optical chirality of a sample requires the precise measurement of the rotation of the plane of linear polarisation of the transmitted light. Central to this notion is that the sample needs to be exposed to light of a defined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-18 S. Restuccia , G. M. Gibson , L. Cronin , M. J. Padgett

We set up a model for reasoning about metric spaces with belief theoretic measures. The uncertainty in these spaces stems from both probability and metric. To represent both aspect of uncertainty, we choose an expected distance function as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Seunghwan Lee

We review a few useful concepts about polarization measurements in the quantum domain. Using a perfectly general formalism, we show how to build the quantum counterpart of some classical quantities like Stokes parameters and Mueller…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Aiello , J. P. Woerdman

Measurement devices always add noise to the signal of interest and it is necessary to evaluate the variance of the results. This article focuses on stationary random processes whose Power Spectrum Density is a power law of frequency. For…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-05-20 Benjamin Lenoir

Polar codes are the first proven capacity-achieving codes. Recently, they are adopted as the channel coding scheme for 5G due to their superior performance.A polar code for encoding length-K information bits in length-N codeword could be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Yue Zhou , Rong Li , Huazi Zhang , Hejia Luo , Jun Wang

The influence has been studied of the ionization laser polarization on the effective temperature of an ultracold electron source, which is based on near-threshold photoionization. This source is capable of producing both high-intensity and…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2013-12-24 W. J. Engelen , D. J. Bakker , O. J. Luiten , E. J. D. Vredenbregt

We present stacking polarized intensity as a means to study the polarization of sources that are too faint to be detected individually in surveys of polarized radio sources. Stacking offers not only high sensitivity to the median signal of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 J. M. Stil , B. W. Keller , S. J. George , A. R. Taylor