Related papers: Alternative energy estimation from the shower late…
The Pierre Auger Observatory is the world's largest detector of ultra--high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). It uses an array of fluorescence telescopes and particle detectors at the ground to obtain detailed measurements of the energy…
The most important goal of studying an extensive air shower is to find the energy, mass and arrival direction of its primary cosmic ray. In order to find these parameters, the core position and arrival direction of the shower should be…
The paper proposes a new approach for approximating the lateral distribution functions (LDF) of Cherenkov light emitted by the electromagnetic component of extensive air showers (EAS) in the Earth's atmosphere. The information basis of the…
A method is developed to search for air showers initiated by photons using data recorded by the surface detector of the Auger Observatory. The approach is based on observables sensitive to the longitudinal shower development, the signal…
Sparse digital antenna arrays constitute a promising detection technique for future large-scale cosmic-ray observatories. It has recently been shown that this kind of instrumentation can provide a resolution of the energy and of the shower…
Theoretical predictions for lateral distribution function of electrons in extensive air showers based on scaling formalism are presented. Our results are tested by comparison with AGASA experimental data taking into account the contribution…
We report on the design and the expected performance of a low cost hybrid detection system suitable for operation as an autonomous unit in strong electromagnetic noise environments. The system consists of three particle detectors…
The collection of a statistically significant number detected of cosmic rays with energy above $10^{17}$ to $10^{18}$ eV requires widely-spaced particle detectors at the ground level to detect the extensive air showers induced in the…
The Pierre Auger Observatory aims to determine the nature and origin of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR). The Auger hybrid detector combines fluorescence observations of extended air showers, initiated in the atmosphere by these…
The southern Pierre Auger Observatory, presently under construction in Malarg"ue, Argentina, is nearing completion. The instrument is designed to measure extensive air-showers with energies ranging from $10^{18}$-$10^{20}$ eV and beyond. It…
Despite the significant experimental effort made in the last decades, the origin of the ultra high energy cosmic rays is still unknown. The chemical composition of these energetic particles carries key astrophysical information to identify…
The simulation of the Cherenkov light lateral distribution function (LDF) in Extensive Air Showers (EAS) was perfomed with the CORSIKA code in the energy range 10^13-10^16 eV for configuration of the Tunka-25 EAS array. On the basis of this…
Spatial distributions of energy deposited by an extensive air shower in the atmosphere through ionization, as obtained from the CORSIKA simulation program, are used to find the fluorescence light distribution in the optical image of the…
Multi-detector observations of individual air showers are critical to make significant progress to precisely determine cosmic-ray quantities such as mass and energy of individual events and thus bring us a step forward in answering the open…
In order to get the primary energy of cosmic rays from their extensive air showers using the fluorescence detection technique, the invisible energy should be added to the measured calorimetric energy. The invisible energy is the energy…
The general aim of this work is to obtain the lateral distribution of atmospheric Cherenkov light in extensive air showers produced by different primary particles precisely by. protons, Helium, Iron, Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Calcium,…
The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, with energies $E \geq 10^{18}$ eV, remains unknown. Among the key observables used to investigate their nature are the energy spectrum, the arrival direction distribution, and the composition as…
In order to better understand energy estimation of electromagnetic showers in segmented calorimeters, detailed Geant4 simulation studies of electromagnetic showers in the energy range 1--100 GeV in CsI have been performed. When sampled in…
We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8 \pm…
We present of measurements of radio emission from EAS at the frequency 32 MHz performed in 2008-2012. Showers were selected by zenith and azimuth directions, sampled by energy. A mean lateral distribution function was fitted to the data…