Related papers: Alternative energy estimation from the shower late…
Cosmic rays arriving at Earth collide with the upper parts of the atmosphere, thereby inducing extensive air showers. When secondary particles from the cascade arrive at the ground, they are measured by surface detector arrays. We describe…
The LOPES experiment, a digital radio interferometer located at KIT (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology), obtained remarkable results for the detection of radio emission from extensive air showers at MHz frequencies. Features of the radio…
The simulation of Cherenkov light lateral distribution function (CLLDF) in Extensive Air Showers (EAS) was performed by using the Monte Carlo CORSIKA code for configurations of Tunka-133 EAS Cherenkov array. This simulation was carried out…
A new approach to simulate fluorescence photons produced in extensive air showers is described. A Monte Carlo program based on CORSIKA produces the fluorescence photons for each charged particle in the development of the shower. This method…
The Pierre Auger Observatory can detect with high efficiency the air showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays incident at large (> 60 deg.) zenith angles. We describe here the specific characteristics of inclined and horizontal…
With the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we have observed the radio emission from 561 extensive air showers with zenith angles between 60$^\circ$ and 84$^\circ$. In contrast to air showers with more…
A new SPHERE seires complex extensive air showers detector is under development. The main goal of its mission is to study the mass composition of cosmic ray nuclei in the 1-100 PeV energy range at a new level. The already well-established…
We measured the Cerenkov signal fluctuations in the water tanks of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Two stations located near the center of the 32-tank Engineering Array separated by 11 m were used for the purpose. At this separation the…
The Cherenkov light lateral distribution function (LDF) was simulated with the CORSIKA code, in the energy range (10^13-10^16) eV. This simulation was performed for conditions and configurations of the Tunka EAS Cherenkov array for two…
We report a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum obtained using the inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory. Showers with zenith angles between 60 and 80 degrees recorded in the period between 1 January 2004 and…
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays impinging onto the atmosphere induce huge cascades of secondary particles. The measurement of the energy radiated by these air showers in form of radio waves enables an accurate measurement of the cosmic-ray…
The azimuthal asymmetry in the risetime of signals in Auger surface detector stations is a source of information on shower development. The azimuthal asymmetry is due to a combination of the longitudinal evolution of the shower and…
Ground-based cosmic ray experiments detect cosmic ray mainly by measuring the longitudinal and lateral distribution of secondary particles produced in the extensive air shower (EAS). The EAS of cosmic ray in the knee energy region is…
In this article I review the main theoretical problems that are posed by the highest energy end of the observed cosmic ray spectrum, stressing the importance of establishing their composition in order to decide between proposed scenarios. I…
The surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceTop, consists of an array of ice-Cherenkov tanks measuring the electromagnetic signal as well as low-energy ($\sim\rm{GeV}$) muons from cosmic-ray air showers. In addition,…
The building block of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is a water Cherenkov tank. The response to shower particles is simulated using a dedicated program based on GEANT4. To check the simulation chain, we compare the…
We report a calculation of the expected rate of inclined air showers induced by ultra high energy cosmic rays to be obtained by the Auger Southern Observatory assuming different mass compositions. We describe some features that can be used…
The fluorescence detector (FD) of the Pierre Auger Observatory is currently operating 18 fluorescence telescopes of the 24 that will be employed in the completed detector. These telescopes, grouped in 4 eyes each consisting of 6 telescopes,…
Measurements of air showers are accumulating at an increasing rate while construction proceeds at the Pierre Auger Observatory. Although the southern site is only half complete, the cumulative exposure is already similar to those achieved…
Measurements of the lateral distribution of Cherenkov photons with the wide-angle atmospheric Cherenkov light detector array AIROBICC and of the charged particle lateral distribution with the scintillator matrix of the HEGRA air-shower…