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Calibration is a classical notion from the forecasting literature which aims to address the question: how should predicted probabilities be interpreted? In a world where we only get to observe (discrete) outcomes, how should we evaluate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Parikshit Gopalan , Lunjia Hu

Light scattered by amorphous thin-film optical coatings limits the sensitivity of interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. We describe an imaging scatterometer to assess the role that crystal growth during annealing plays in this…

We describe an atom interferometer to study the coherence of atoms reflected from an evanescent wave mirror. The interferometer is sensitive to the loss of phase coherence induced by the defects in the mirror. The results are consistent…

We describe a resonator based optical gyroscope whose sensitivity for measuring absolute rotation is enhanced via use of the anomalous dispersion characteristic of superluminal light propagation. The enhancement is given by the inverse of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. S. Shahriar , G. S. Pati , R. Tripathi , V. Gopal , M. Messall , K. Salit

In this paper, we report high-precision absolute distance and vibration measurements performed with frequency scanned interferometry. Absolute distance was determined by counting the interference fringes produced while scanning the laser…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2011-09-13 Hai-Jun Yang , Tianxiang Chen , Keith Riles

Measurement of stray light in a complex optical system can be a complex task. We developed a method to measure coherent stray light inside an assembled device, determining all stray light sources and their relative contribution. The method…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-30 Marco Nardello , Amaël Roubeau-Tissot , Michel Lintz

Interferometric visibilities, reflecting the complex correlations between signals recorded at antennas in an interferometric array, carry information about the angular structure of a distant source. While unknown antenna gains in both…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-04 Lindy Blackburn , Dominic W. Pesce , Michael D. Johnson , Maciek Wielgus , Andrew A. Chael , Pierre Christian , Sheperd S. Doeleman

Mass and radius measurements of stars are important inputs for models of stellar structure. Binary stars are of particular interest in this regard, because astrometry and spectroscopy of a binary together provide the masses of both stars as…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-22 Km Nitu Rai , Soumen Basak , Prasenjit Saha

We present a simple feedback description of parametric instabilities which can be applied to a variety of optical systems. Parametric instabilities are of particular interest to the field of gravitational-wave interferometry where high…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-02-10 M. Evans , L. Barsotti , P. Fritschel

In this paper, we design a bifocusing-based imaging strategy for the rapid identification of small penetrable dielectric inhomogeneities within a two-dimensional bistatic measurement setup. To address the applicability and limitation, we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Won-Kwang Park

We study the sensitivities of space infrared interferometers. We formulate the signal-to-noise ratios of infrared images obtained by aperture synthesis in the presence of source shot noise, background shot noise and detector read noise. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Tadashi Nakajima , Hideo Matsuhara

This paper presents the basic principle and theoretical relationships of an original method allowing to retrieve the Wavefront Errors (WFE) of a ground or space-borne telescope when combining its main pupil with a second, decentered…

Optics · Physics 2011-05-19 Francois Henault

The radar interferometric absolute phase is essential for estimating topography and displacements. However, its conventional definition based on the range difference is idealized in that it cannot be applied to complex, dynamic targets.…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-01-06 Simon Zwieback

Visual navigation devices require precise calibration to achieve high-precision localization and navigation, which includes camera and attitude calibration. To address the limitations of time-consuming camera calibration and complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Shunkun Liang , Dongcai Tan , Banglei Guan , Zhang Li , Guangcheng Dai , Nianpeng Pan , Liang Shen , Yang Shang , Qifeng Yu

Phase diffusion represents a crucial obstacle towards the implementation of high precision interferometric measurements and phase shift based communication channels. Here we present a nearly optimal interferometric scheme based on homodyne…

Determining the physical properties of microlensing events depends on having accurate angular sizes of the source star. Using long-baseline optical interferometry we are able to measure the angular sizes of nearby stars with uncertainties…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-06 Arthur D. Adams , Tabetha S. Boyajian , Kaspar von Braun

We describe a design methodology for modifying the refractive index profile of graded-index optical instruments that incorporate singularities or zeros in their refractive index. The process maintains the device performance whilst resulting…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-18 I. R. Hooper , T. G. Philbin

Latent defect screening is challenged by extremely low failure rates, high-dimensional test data, and absence of labeled anomalies. We propose the first unsupervised anomaly detection framework incorporating a Diffusion Transformer. Raw…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yuxuan Yin , Chen He , Todd Jacobs , Jialei He , Boxun Xu , Robert Jin , Peng Li

A catadioptric sensor induces a projection between a given object surface and an image plane. The prescribed projection problem is the problem of finding a catadioptric sensor that realizes a given projection. Here we present a functional…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Andrew Hicks

Invisibility devices exploit ambiguities in the inverse scattering problem of light in media. Scattering also serves as an important general tool to infer information about the structure of matter. We elucidate the nature of scattering…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 Awatif Hendi , Julian Henn , Ulf Leonhardt