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Related papers: The r-process nucleosynthesis: a continued challen…

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After a successful core-collapse supernova, a neutrino-driven wind develops where it is possible to synthesize lighter heavy elements ($30<Z<45$). In the early galaxy, the origin of these elements is associated to the r-process and to an…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-05 Julia Bliss , Almudena Arcones , Fernando Montes , Jorge Pereira

The astrophysical origin of $r$-process nuclei remains a long-standing mystery. Although some astrophysical scenarios show some promise, many uncertainties involved in both the astrophysical conditions and in the nuclear properties far from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Shinya Wanajo , Stephane Goriely , Mathieu Samyn , Naoki Itoh

We examine the role of neutron capture on 130Sn during r-process freeze-out in the neutrino-driven wind environment of the core-collapse supernova. We find that the global r-process abundance pattern is sensitive to the magnitude of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-12-18 J. Beun , J. C. Blackmon , W. R. Hix , G. C. McLaughlin , M. S. Smith , R. Surman

We investigated the impact of uncertainties in neutron-capture and weak reactions (on heavy elements) on the s-process nucleosynthesis in low-mass stars using a Monte-Carlo based approach. We performed extensive nuclear reaction network…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 G. Cescutti , R. Hirschi , N. Nishimura , T. Rauscher , J. den Hartogh , A. St. J. Murphy , S. Cristallo

Neutron--induced nucleosynthesis plays an important role in astrophysical scenarios like in primordial nucleosynthesis in the early universe, in the s--process occurring in Red Giants, and in the $\alpha$--rich freeze--out and r--process…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 H. Oberhummer , H. Herndl , T. Rauscher , H. Beer

This review concentrates on nucleosynthesis processes in general and their applications to massive stars and supernovae. A brief initial introduction is given to the physics in astrophysical plasmas which governs composition changes. We…

The $s$-process in massive stars produces the weak component of the $s$-process (nuclei up to $A \sim 90$), in amounts that match solar abundances. For heavier isotopes, such as barium, production through neutron capture is significantly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-26 Nobuya Nishimura , Raphael Hirschi , Thomas Rauscher , Alexander St. J. Murphy , Gabriele Cescutti

During the first 20 seconds of its life, the enormous neutrino luminosity of a neutron star drives appreciable mass loss from its surface. This neutrino-driven wind has been previously identified as a likely site for the r-process. Qian &…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 R. D. Hoffman , S. E. Woosley , Y. -Z. Qian

We have studied whether the jet in a collapse-driven supernova can be a key process for the rapid-process (r-process) nucleosynthesis. We have examined the features of a steady, subsonic, and rigidly rotating jet in which the centrifugal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 S. Nagataki

The conditions for the leading r-process site candidate, neutrino-driven winds, can not be reproduced self-consistently in current supernova models. For that reason, we investigate an alternate model involving the mass ejected by fallback…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Chris L. Fryer , Falk Herwig , Aimee Hungerford , Frank Timmes

We study the formation and final structure of the rare earth peak ($A\sim160$) of the $r$-process nucleosynthesis. The rare earth peak forms at late times in the $r$-process after neutron exhaustion (neutron-to-seed ratio unity or R=1) as…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-03-19 Matthew Mumpower , Gail McLaughlin , Rebecca Surman

We use the Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation to include the effects of low-lying Gamow-Teller and first forbidden strength in neutrino capture by very neutron-rich nuclei with N = 50, 82, or 126. For electron neutrinos in what is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Rebecca Surman , Jonathan Engel

Nuclear beta decay rates are an essential ingredient in simulations of the astrophysical r-process. Most of these rates still rely on theoretical modeling. However, modern radioactive ion-beam facilities have allowed to measure beta half…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-05-02 O. L. Caballero , A. Arcones , I. N. Borzov , K. Langanke , G. Martinez-Pinedo

Recent studies suggest that binary neutron star (NS-NS) mergers robustly produce the heavy r-process nuclei above the atomic mass number A ~ 130 because of their ejecta consisting of almost pure neutrons (electron fraction of Y_e < 0.1).…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Shinya Wanajo , Yuichiro Sekiguchi , Nobuya Nishimura , Kenta Kiuchi , Koutarou Kyutoku , Masaru Shibata

We solve the general-relativistic steady-state eigenvalue problem of neutrino-driven protoneutron star winds, which immediately follow core-collapse supernova explosions. We provide velocity, density, temperature, and composition profiles…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 Todd A. Thompson , Adam Burrows , Bradley S. Meyer

We apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo to predict the masses required to form the observed solar $r$-process rare-earth abundance peak. Given highly distinct astrophysical outflows and nuclear inputs, we find that results are most sensitive to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-02-22 Nicole Vassh , Gail C. McLaughlin , Matthew R. Mumpower , Rebecca Surman

Abundances of heavier elements (barium and beyond) in many neutron-capture-element-rich halo stars accurately replicate the solar system r-process pattern. However, abundances of lighter neutron-capture elements in these stars are not…

Nucleosynthesis beyond Fe poses additional challenges not encountered when studying astrophysical processes involving light nuclei. Generally higher temperatures and nuclear level densities lead to stronger contributions of transitions on…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-10-26 T. Rauscher

Background: The astrophysical $r$-process occurs in an explosive astrophysical event under extremely neutron-rich conditions, leading to (n,$\gamma$)-($\gamma$,n) equilibrium along isotopic chains which peaks around neutron separation…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-09-21 Peter Mohr

One of the outstanding unsolved riddles of nuclear astrophysics is the origin of the so called ``p-process'' nuclei from A = 92 to 126. Both the lighter and heavier p-process nuclei are adequately produced in the neon and oxygen shells of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Pruet , R. D. Hoffman , S. E. Woosley , H. -T. Janka , R. Buras