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We present the first unambiguous detection of helium emission lines in spectra of Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic). The presence of He I lines, with full width at half maximum ~ 2000 km/s, and the distinct absence of any other intermediate-width…

We present observational evidence of late-time interaction between the ejecta of the hydrogen-poor Type Ib supernova (SN) 2019yvr and hydrogen-rich circumstellar material (CSM), similar to the Type Ib SN 2014C. A narrow H{\alpha} emission…

Nebular-phase observations of peculiar Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) provide important constraints on progenitor scenarios and explosion dynamics for both these rare SNe and the more common, cosmologically useful SNe Ia. We present…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-25 Matthew R. Siebert , Lindsey A. Kwok , Joel Johansson , Saurabh W. Jha , Stéphane Blondin , Luc Dessart , Ryan J. Foley , D. John Hillier , Conor Larison , Rüdiger Pakmor , Tea Temim , Jennifer E. Andrews , Katie Auchettl , Carles Badenes , Barnabas Barna , K. Azalee Bostroem , Max J. Brenner Newman , Thomas G. Brink , María José Bustamante-Rosell , Yssavo Camacho-Neves , Alejandro Clocchiatti , David A. Coulter , Kyle W. Davis , Maxime Deckers , Georgios Dimitriadis , Yize Dong , Joseph Farah , Alexei V. Filippenko , Andreas Flörs , Ori D. Fox , Peter Garnavich , Estefania Padilla Gonzalez , Or Graur , Franz-Josef Hambsch , Griffin Hosseinzadeh , D. Andrew Howell , John P. Hughes , Wolfgang E. Kerzendorf , Xavier K. Le Saux , Keiichi Maeda , Kate Maguire , Curtis McCully , Cassidy Mihalenko , Megan Newsome , John T. O'Brien , Jeniveve Pearson , Craig Pellegrino , Justin D. R. Pierel , Abigail Polin , Armin Rest , César Rojas-Bravo , David J. Sand , Michaela Schwab , Melissa Shahbandeh , Manisha Shrestha , Nathan Smith , Louis-Gregory Strolger , Tamás Szalai , Kirsty Taggart , Giacomo Terreran , Jacco H. Terwel , Samaporn Tinyanont , Stefano Valenti , József Vinkó , J. Craig Wheeler , Yi Yang , Weikang Zheng , Chris Ashall , James M. Derkacy , Lluís Galbany , Peter Hoeflich , Eric Hsiao , Thomas De Jaeger , Jing Lu , Justyn Maund , Kyle Medler , Nidia Morrell , Benjamin J. Shappee , Maximilian Stritzinger , Nicholas Suntzeff , Michael Tucker , Lifan Wang

The classic single-degenerate model for the progenitors of Type Ia Supernova (SN Ia) predicts that the supernova ejecta should be enriched with solar-like abundance material stripped from the companion star. Spectroscopic observations of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-06 Janos Botyanszki , Daniel Kasen , Tomasz Plewa

The light curves and spectra of many Type I and Type II supernovae (SNe) are heavily influenced by the interaction of the SN ejecta with circumstellar material (CSM) surrounding the progenitor star. The observed diversity shows that many…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-23 Andrea Ercolino

In this study, we perform detailed spectroscopic modeling to analyze the interaction of circumstellar material (CSM) with ejecta in both hydrogen-rich and hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), systematically varying properties…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-07 Gururaj A. Wagle , Emmanouil Chatzopoulos , Michael J. Baer

A class of supernovae (SNe) termed `SN Ic-CSM' are characterized by late-time emergence of narrow emission lines of elements formed in the oxygen core of a massive star. A popular scenario is the interaction of the SN ejecta and O-rich…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-08 Keiichi Maeda , Hanindyo Kuncarayakti , Takashi Nagao , Miho Kawabata , Kenta Taguchi , Kohki Uno , Kishalay De

High-cadence surveys of the sky are revealing that a large fraction of red-supergiant (RSG) stars, which are progenitors of Type II-Plateau (II-P) supernovae (SNe), explode within circumstellar material (CSM). Such SNe II-P/CSM exhibit…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-16 Luc Dessart , Douglas C. Leonard , Sergiy S. Vasylyev , D. John Hillier

I analyse peculiar properties of light curve and continua of enigmatic Ibn supernovae, including SN 2006jc, and argue in favour of the early strong circumstellar interaction. This interaction explains the high luminosity and fast flux rise…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 N. N. Chugai

Some supernova (SN) explosions show evidence for interaction with pre-existing non-spherically symmetric circumstellar medium (CSM) in their light curves, spectral line profiles, and polarization signatures. To better understand the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-28 P. Kurfürst , O. Pejcha , J. Krtička

We present photometric and spectroscopic data of SN 2018lab, a low luminosity type IIP supernova (LLSN) with a V-band peak luminosity of $-15.1\pm0.1$ mag. SN 2018lab was discovered by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc (DLT40) SNe survey only…

Interaction between supernova (SN) ejecta and a dense circumstellar medium (CSM) can power a luminous light curve and create narrow emission lines in the spectra. While theoretical studies of interaction often assume a spherically symmetric…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-04 Austin T. McDowell , Paul C. Duffell , Daniel Kasen

A number of Type I (hydrogenless) superluminous supernova (SLSN) events have been discovered recently. However, their nature remains debatable. One of the most promising ideas is the shock-interaction mechanism, but only simplified…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-09-21 Elena Sorokina , Sergei Blinnikov , Ken'ichi Nomoto , Robert Quimby , Alexey Tolstov

While type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) have been used as precise cosmological distance indicators, their progenitor systems remain unresolved. One of the key questions is if there is a non-degenerate companion star at the time of a thermonuclear…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Keiichi Maeda , Masamichi Kutsuna , Toshikazu Shigeyama

We present theoretical semi-analytic models for the interaction of stellar winds with the interstellar medium (ISM) or prior mass loss implemented in our code SPICE (Supernovae Progenitor Interaction Calculator for parameterized…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 Paul Dragulin , Peter Hoeflich

The luminous Type IIn Supernova (SN) 2010jl shows strong evidence for the interaction of the SN ejecta with dense circumstellar material (CSM). We present observations of SN 2010jl for $t \sim 900$ d after its earliest detection, including…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-01-27 J. E. Jencson , J. L. Prieto , C. S. Kochanek , B. J. Shappee , K. Z. Stanek , R. W. Pogge

We present photometry and spectroscopy of SN2013fs and SN2013fr in the first 100 days post-explosion. Both objects showed transient, relatively narrow H$\alpha$ emission lines characteristic of SNeIIn, but later resembled normal SNeII-P or…

We propose a model for dust formation in Type II supernovae (SNe) interacting with confined circumstellar material (CSM), motivated by recent time-domain surveys that have revealed a substantial fraction of SN progenitors to be surrounded…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-05 Yuki Takei , Kunihito Ioka , Masaru Shibata

2003fg-like Type Ia supernovae (03fg-like SNe Ia) are rare subtype of SNe Ia, photometrically characterized by broader optical light curves and bluer ultraviolet (UV) colors compared to normal SNe Ia. In this work, we study four 03fg-like…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-17 Snehasish Bhattacharjee , Yen-Chen Pan , Hao-Yu Miao , Charles D. Kilpatrick , Willem B. Hoogendam , Katie Auchettl , Aaron Do , Yossef Zenati

We present optical observations of supernova SN 2014C, which underwent an unprecedented slow metamorphosis from H-poor type Ib to H-rich type IIn over the course of one year. The observed spectroscopic evolution is consistent with the…