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The measurement of radio polarization may be regarded as a three-dimensional statistical problem because the large photon densities at radio wavelengths allow the simultaneous detection of the three Stokes parameters which completely…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Mark M. McKinnon

We introduce a method to experimentally measure the monochromatic transmission matrix of a complex medium in optics. This method is based on a spatial phase modulator together with a full-field interferometric measurement on a camera. We…

Optics · Physics 2010-03-10 S. M. Popoff , G. Lerosey , R. Carminati , M. Fink , A. C. Boccara , S. Gigan

Relating the electromagnetic scattering and absorption properties of an individual particle to the reflection and transmission coefficients of a two-dimensional material composed of these particles is a crucial concept that has driven both…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-02 Romain Dezert , Philippe Richetti , Alexandre Baron

Profile comparison of the Stokes parameters $V$ and $I$ is a powerful tool for maser data analysis, providing the first direct methods for unambiguous determination of (1) the maser saturation stage, (2) the amplification optical depth and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Moshe Elitzur

We present configurations of polarimeters which measure the three linear Stokes parameters of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation with a nearly diagonal error matrix, independent of the global orientation of the polarimeters in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 F. Couchot , J. Delabrouille , J. Kaplan , B. Revenu

We present the polarization calibration of the 19-beam receiver at 1420 MHz within the full illumination of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope from October 2018 to March 2023. We perform spider observations to characterize…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-02 Tao-Chung Ching , Carl Heiles , Di Li , Timothy Robishaw , Xunzhou Chen , Lingqi Meng , You-Ling Yue , Lei Qian , Hong-Fei Liu

Using 4x4 matrix formalism we analyzed electromagnetic wave propagation and Jones matrix components for reflectivity and transmittivity in bi-anisotropic materials. Analytic formulas for complex reflection and transmission coefficients for…

Optics · Physics 2011-05-26 P. D. Rogers , M. Kotelyanskii , A. A. Sirenko

We describe a straight-forward method for determining the transfer function of the readout of a sensor for the situation in which the current transient of the sensor can be precisely simulated. The method relies on the convolution theorem…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-10-22 Christian Scharf , Robert Klanner

An easily constructed and operated polarimeter precisely determines the relative Stokes parameters that characterize the polarization of laser light. The polarimeter is calibrated in situ without removing or realigning its optical elements,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-02-22 V. Wirthl , C. D. Panda , P. W. Hess , B. Spaun , G. Gabrielse

A generalized approach derived from Blochs equation of motion of nuclear magnetic moments is presented to model the frequency, magnetic field, spin density, and temperature dependencies in the electromagnetic permeability tensor for…

Orthogonal Mueller matrices can be considered either as corresponding to retarders or to generalized transformations of the polarization basis for the representation of Stokes vectors, so that they constitute the only type of Mueller…

Optics · Physics 2016-06-10 Jose J. Gil , Ignacio San Jose

Information about the three-dimensional structure of solar magnetic fields is encoded in the polarized spectra of solar radiation by a host of physical processes. To extract this information, solar spectra must be obtained in a variety of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-24 Steven Tomczyk , Roberto Casini , Alfred G. de Wijn , Peter G. Nelson

The ability of new instruments for providing accurate inferences of vector magnetic fields and line-of-sight velocities of the solar plasma depends a great deal on the sensitivity to these physical quantities of the spectral lines chosen to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-16 J. C. del Toro Iniesta , D. Orozco Suárez , L. R. Bellot Rubio

We present a new model for the propagation of polarized light in a random birefringent medium. This model is based on a decomposition of the higher order statistics of the reduced Stokes parameters along the irreducible representations of…

Optics · Physics 2012-02-06 Salem Said , Nicolas Le Bihan

Laser speckle is generated by the multiple interference of light through a disordered medium. Here we study the premise that the speckle pattern retains information about the polarisation state of the incident field. We analytically verify…

Optics · Physics 2020-05-13 Morgan Facchin , Graham D. Bruce , Kishan Dholakia

X-ray polarimetry promises to deliver unique information about the geometry of the inner accretion flow of astrophysical black holes and the nature of matter and electromagnetism in and around neutron stars. In this paper, we discuss the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 F. Kislat , B. Clark , M. Beilicke , H. Krawczynski

Accurate radiative transfer coefficients (emissivities, absorptivities, and rotativities) are needed for modeling radiation from relativistically hot, magnetized plasmas such as those found in Event Horizon Telescope sources. Here we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-03 Andrew Marszewski , Ben S. Prather , Abhishek V. Joshi , Alex Pandya , Charles F. Gammie

Advances in vectorial polarisation-resolved imaging are bringing new capabilities to applications ranging from fundamental physics through to clinical diagnosis. Imaging polarimetry requires determination of the Mueller matrix (MM) at every…

Dichroic filters are used by instrument designers to split a field of view into different optical paths for simultaneous measurement of different spectral bands. Quantifying the polarization aberrations of a dichroic is relevant for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-24 James Heath , Meredith Kupinski , Ewan Douglas , Kira Hart , James Breckinridge

Linear optical networks are fundamental to the advancement of quantum technologies, including quantum computing, communication, and sensing. The accurate characterization of these networks, described by unitary matrices, is crucial to their…