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The use of polarimetric techniques is nowadays widespread among solar and stellar astronomers. However, notwithstanding the recommandations that have often been made about the publication of polarimetric results in the astronomical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Landi Degl'Innocenti , S. Bagnulo , L. Fossati

The design and later use of modern spectropolarimeters and magnetographs require a number of tolerance specifications that allow the developers to build the instrument and then the scientists to interpret the data accuracy. Such…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 J. C. del Toro Iniesta , V. Martínez Pillet

With assumption that an optical element is described by a Mueller matrix of the Lorentzian type, a method to find a 3-dimensional complex vector parameter for a corresponding Mueller matrix from results of four specially chosen polarization…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-01-30 E. M. Ovsiyuk

It was generally assumed that the Stokes parameters are complete characterization for the state of polarization of a plane light wave so that their counterparts in quantum optics, called the Stokes operators, represent the polarization of…

Optics · Physics 2023-09-25 Chun-Fang Li , Zhi-Juan Hu

In the study of polarized light, there are two basic notions: the Stokes vectors and the matrices which preserve them, called Mueller matrices. The set of Stokes vectors forms a cone: the Future Light Cone. In this work we will see that the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-09-04 Martha Takane , J. Ivan Lopez-Reyes , J. Othon Parra-Alcantar

Linearly polarized emission is described, in general, in terms of the Stokes parameters $Q$ and $U$, from which the polarization intensity and polarization angle can be determined. Although the polarization intensity and polarization angle…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-31 C. A. Herron , B. M. Gaensler , G. F. Lewis , N. M. McClure-Griffiths

Mueller matrices provide a complete description of a medium's response to excitation by polarized light, and their characterization is important across a broad range of applications from ellipsometry in material science to polarimetry in…

We report here on a novel analysis of the complete set of four Stokes parameters that uniquely determine the linear and/or circular polarization of the radio signal for an extensive air shower. The observed dependency of the circular…

We present a simple but powerful technique for the analysis of polarized emission from radio galaxies and other objects. It is based on the fact that images of Stokes parameters often contain considerably more information than is available…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-10 Lawrence Rudnick , Debora Katz , Lerato Sebokolodi

The study of the linear and circular polarization in AGN allows one to gain detailed information about the properties of the magnetic fields in these objects. However, especially the observation of circular polarization (CP) with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 E. Cenacchi , A. Kraus , A. Orfei , K. -H. Mack

Forward models for the Mueller Matrix (MM) components of materials with relative magnetic permeability tensor {\mu} \neq 1 are studied. 4x4 matrix formalism is employed to produce general solutions for the complex reflection coefficients…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-19 P. D. Rogers , T. D. Kang , T. Zhou , M. Kotelyanskii , A. A. Sirenko

While photonic lanterns efficiently and uniquely map a set of input modes to single-mode outputs (or vice versa), the optical mode transfer matrix of any particular fabricated device cannot be constrained at the design stage due to…

The effects of the polarization characteristics of beam trains in optical long-baseline interferometers are well known and have led to difficulties in measuring the spatial coherence of astronomical sources in the past. This has been…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-23 Guy Perrin

Any one measurement with polarized light makes it possible to fix the Mueller matrices of the Lorentz type with up to four arbitrary numeric parameters (x, u; z, w). These parameters are subject to the quadratic condition. It is…

Optics · Physics 2012-01-24 E. M. Ovsiyuk , N. V. Gutsko , V. M. Red'kov

A statistical framework is presented for the study of the orthogonally polarized modes of radio pulsar emission via the covariances between the Stokes parameters. To accommodate the typically heavy-tailed distributions of single-pulse radio…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-07 Willem van Straten , Caterina Tiburzi

An approach for measuring linear X-ray polarization over a broad-band using conventional spectroscopic optics is described. A set of multilayer-coated flats reflect the dispersed X-rays to the instrument detectors. The intensity variation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Herman L. Marshall

Mueller matrices are defined with respect to appropriate Cartesian reference frames for the representation of the states of polarization of the input and output electromagnetic waves. The polarimetric quantities that are invariant under…

Optics · Physics 2015-12-16 Jose J. Gil

The quantification of simultaneously present weak polarization anisotropy effects are of practical interest from polarimetric and metrological perspective. Recently, in Phys. Rev. A 103, 053518, we experimentally demonstrated a classical…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-23 Niladri Modak , Sayantan Das , Priyanuj Bordoloi , Nirmalya Ghosh

The Mueller-Stokes formalism which governs conventional polarization optics is formulated for plane waves, and thus the only qualification one could demand of a $4\times 4$ real matrix $M$ in order that it qualifies to be the Mueller matrix…

Mueller polarimetry is a powerful technique with broad applications in astronomy, remote sensing, advanced material analysis, and biomedical imaging. However, instrumental constraints frequently restrict the measurement to an incomplete…