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Large language models (LLMs) exhibit excellent performance in various tasks. However, the memory requirements of LLMs present a great challenge when deploying on memory-limited devices, even for quantized LLMs. This paper introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Weilan Wang , Yu Mao , Dongdong Tang , Hongchao Du , Nan Guan , Chun Jason Xue

This study investigates whether Compressed-Language Models (CLMs), i.e. language models operating on raw byte streams from Compressed File Formats~(CFFs), can understand files compressed by CFFs. We focus on the JPEG format as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Juan C. Pérez , Alejandro Pardo , Mattia Soldan , Hani Itani , Juan Leon-Alcazar , Bernard Ghanem

Large Language Models (LLMs) are susceptible to jailbreak attacks where malicious prompts are disguised using ciphers and character-level encodings to bypass safety guardrails. While these guardrails often fail to interpret the encoded…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Shaked Zychlinski , Yuval Kainan

Managing extensive context remains a critical bottleneck for Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in applications like long-document question answering and autonomous agents where lengthy inputs incur high computational costs and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yiqing Zhou , Yu Lei , Shuzheng Si , Qingyan Sun , Wei Wang , Yifei Wu , Hao Wen , Gang Chen , Fanchao Qi , Maosong Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve superior performance through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, but these token-level reasoning chains are computationally expensive and inefficient. In this paper, we introduce Compressed Latent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Wenhui Tan , Jiaze Li , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo , Ruihua Song , Jian Luan

Machine learning models are notoriously difficult to interpret and debug. This is particularly true of neural networks. In this work, we introduce automated software testing techniques for neural networks that are well-suited to discovering…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-31 Augustus Odena , Ian Goodfellow

Language Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve strong performance by scaling test-time computation but often suffer from ``overthinking'', producing excessively long reasoning traces that increase latency and memory usage. Existing LRMs typically…

High-performance learned image compression codecs require flexible probability models to fit latent representations. Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) were proposed to satisfy this demand, but suffer from a significant runtime performance…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Shimon Murai , Fangzheng Lin , Jiro Katto

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) achieve strong multimodal understanding, but their inference cost grows rapidly with the number of visual tokens, especially for high-resolution images and long videos. Existing attention-based methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Hongyu Lu , Feng Zhang , Wenwei Jin , Huanling Hu , Tianjun Shi , Shikai Jiang , Yao Hu , Jiawei Li

Large Language Models are growing in size, and we expect them to continue to do so, as larger models train quicker. However, this increase in size will severely impact inference costs. Therefore model compression is important, to retain the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Georgy Tyukin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, in long-context scenarios, they face two challenges: high computational cost and information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jiwei Tang , Zhicheng Zhang , Shunlong Wu , Jingheng Ye , Lichen Bai , Zitai Wang , Tingwei Lu , Lin Hai , Yiming Zhao , Hai-Tao Zheng , Hong-Gee Kim

Code generation aims to automatically generate code snippets that meet given natural language requirements and plays an important role in software development. Although Code LLMs have shown excellent performance in this domain, their long…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Lianghong Guo , Yanlin Wang , Ensheng Shi , Wanjun Zhong , Hongyu Zhang , Jiachi Chen , Ruikai Zhang , Yuchi Ma , Zibin Zheng

In this paper, we compare various methods to compress a text using a neural model. We find that extracting tokens as latent variables significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art discrete latent variable models such as VQ-VAE.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Aran Komatsuzaki

Compressed indexing enables powerful queries over massive and repetitive textual datasets using space proportional to the compressed input. While theoretical advances have led to highly efficient index structures, their practical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ankith Reddy Adudodla , Dominik Kempa

Constrained decoding with lookahead heuristics (CDLH) is a highly effective method for aligning LLM generations to human preferences. However, the extensive lookahead roll-out operations for each generated token makes CDLH prohibitively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Nishanth Nakshatri , Shamik Roy , Rajarshi Das , Suthee Chaidaroon , Leonid Boytsov , Rashmi Gangadharaiah

In this paper, we explore the idea of training large language models (LLMs) over highly compressed text. While standard subword tokenizers compress text by a small factor, neural text compressors can achieve much higher rates of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Brian Lester , Jaehoon Lee , Alex Alemi , Jeffrey Pennington , Adam Roberts , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Noah Constant

The aim of syntactic tracking is to classify spatio-temporal patterns of a target's motion using natural language processing models. In this paper, we generalize earlier work by considering a constrained stochastic context free grammar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Vikram Krishnamurthy , Sijia Gao

The increasing size of generative Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) has greatly increased the demand for model compression. Despite various methods to compress BERT or its variants, there are few attempts to compress generative PLMs, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Chaofan Tao , Lu Hou , Wei Zhang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Ping Luo , Ngai Wong

In zero-shot text-to-speech, achieving a balance between fidelity to the target speaker and adherence to text content remains a challenge. While classifier-free guidance (CFG) strategies have shown promising results in image generation,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-25 John Zheng , Farhad Maleki

LLM-powered coding agents spend the majority of their token budget reading repository files, yet much of the retrieved code is irrelevant to the task at hand. Existing learned pruners compress this context with a single-objective sequence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jingjing Wang , Xiwen Chen , Wenhui Zhu , Huayu Li , Zhengxiao He , Feiyang Cai , Ana S. Carreon-Rascon , Xuanzhao Dong , Feng Luo