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Low-light photography produces images with low signal-to-noise ratios due to limited photons. In such conditions, common approximations like the Gaussian noise model fall short, and many denoising techniques fail to remove noise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Liying Lu , Raphaël Achddou , Sabine Süsstrunk

Generated images of score-based models can suffer from errors in their spatial means, an effect, referred to as a color shift, which grows for larger images. This paper investigates a previously-introduced approach to mitigate color shifts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Katherine Deck , Tobias Bischoff

Diffusion model-based low-light image enhancement methods rely heavily on paired training data, leading to limited extensive application. Meanwhile, existing unsupervised methods lack effective bridging capabilities for unknown degradation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jinhong He , Minglong Xue , Aoxiang Ning , Chengyun Song

Diffusion probabilistic models have achieved remarkable success in generative tasks across diverse data types. While recent studies have explored alternative degradation processes beyond Gaussian noise, this paper bridges two key diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Hao-Chien Hsueh , Chi-En Yen , Wen-Hsiao Peng , Ching-Chun Huang

Pretrained diffusion models have demonstrated strong capabilities in zero-shot inverse problem solving by incorporating observation information into the generation process of the diffusion models. However, this presents an inherent dilemma:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xun Su , Hiroyuki Kasai

Diffusion models have proven to be highly effective in generating high-quality images. However, adapting large pre-trained diffusion models to new domains remains an open challenge, which is critical for real-world applications. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Enze Xie , Lewei Yao , Han Shi , Zhili Liu , Daquan Zhou , Zhaoqiang Liu , Jiawei Li , Zhenguo Li

Diffusion models have demonstrated empirical successes in various applications and can be adapted to task-specific needs via guidance. This paper studies a form of gradient guidance for adapting a pre-trained diffusion model towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-17 Yingqing Guo , Hui Yuan , Yukang Yang , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

The goal of speech enhancement (SE) is to eliminate the background interference from the noisy speech signal. Generative models such as diffusion models (DM) have been applied to the task of SE because of better generalization in unseen…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Wen Wang , Dongchao Yang , Qichen Ye , Bowen Cao , Yuexian Zou

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) techniques aim to identify and localize anomalies without relying on annotations, only leveraging a model trained on a dataset known to be free of anomalies. Diffusion models learn to modify inputs $x$…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Sergio Naval Marimont , Matthew Baugh , Vasilis Siomos , Christos Tzelepis , Bernhard Kainz , Giacomo Tarroni

Diffusion models create data from noise by inverting the forward paths of data towards noise and have emerged as a powerful generative modeling technique for high-dimensional, perceptual data such as images and videos. Rectified flow is a…

Diffusion models have demonstrated powerful performance in generating high-quality images. A typical example is text-to-image generator like Stable Diffusion. However, their widespread use also poses potential privacy risks. A key concern…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Guo Li , Weihong Chen , Yongfu Fan

In recent years, deep learning-based image compression, particularly through generative models, has emerged as a pivotal area of research. Despite significant advancements, challenges such as diminished sharpness and quality in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-18 Ryugo Morita , Hitoshi Nishimura , Ko Watanabe , Andreas Dengel , Jinjia Zhou

Denoising diffusion models are a recent class of generative models exhibiting state-of-the-art performance in image and audio synthesis. Such models approximate the time-reversal of a forward noising process from a target distribution to a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-30 Valentin De Bortoli

Visual anagrams are images that change appearance upon transformation, like flipping or rotation. With the advent of diffusion models, generating such optical illusions can be achieved by averaging noise across multiple views during the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Zhiyuan Xu , Yinhe Chen , Huan-ang Gao , Weiyan Zhao , Guiyu Zhang , Hao Zhao

Recent years have witnessed the remarkable performance of diffusion models in various vision tasks. However, for image restoration that aims to recover clear images with sharper details from given degraded observations, diffusion-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Liyan Wang , Qinyu Yang , Cong Wang , Wei Wang , Jinshan Pan , Zhixun Su

Diffusion models have shown promising generative capabilities across diverse domains, yet aligning their outputs with desired reward functions remains a challenge, particularly in cases where reward functions are non-differentiable. Some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Xiner Li , Masatoshi Uehara , Xingyu Su , Gabriele Scalia , Tommaso Biancalani , Aviv Regev , Sergey Levine , Shuiwang Ji

Recovering high-dimensional statistical structure from limited measurements is a fundamental challenge in hyperspectral imaging, where capturing full-resolution data is often infeasible due to sensor, bandwidth, or acquisition constraints.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-01 Jonathan Monsalve , Kumar Vijay Mishra

Diffusion models learn to restore noisy data, which is corrupted with different levels of noise, by optimizing the weighted sum of the corresponding loss terms, i.e., denoising score matching loss. In this paper, we show that restoring data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Jooyoung Choi , Jungbeom Lee , Chaehun Shin , Sungwon Kim , Hyunwoo Kim , Sungroh Yoon

Diffusion models have achieved impressive success in generating photorealistic images, but challenges remain in ensuring precise semantic alignment with input prompts. Optimizing the initial noisy latent offers a more efficient alternative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Boming Miao , Chunxiao Li , Xiaoxiao Wang , Andi Zhang , Rui Sun , Zizhe Wang , Yao Zhu

Diffusion models have shown promise in learning to solve constraint optimization problems. However, they are mostly restricted to problems with binary variables and rely on graph neural networks, hindering their application to a broader…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yudong W. Xu , Wenhao Li , Xiaoyu Wang , Scott Sanner , Elias B. Khalil