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Systematic attack design is essential to understanding the vulnerabilities of cyber-physical systems (CPSs), to better design for resiliency. In particular, false data injection attacks (FDIAs) are well-known and have been shown to be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-05 Yu Zheng , Sridhar Babu Mudhangulla , Olugbenga Moses Anubi

Fast and accurate detection of cyberattacks is a key element for a cyber-resilient power system. Recently, data-driven detectors and physics-based Moving Target Defences (MTD) have been proposed to detect false data injection (FDI) attacks…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-22 Wangkun Xu , Martin Higgins , Jianhong Wang , Imad M. Jaimoukha , Fei Teng

This paper studies physical consequences of unobservable false data injection (FDI) attacks designed only with information inside a sub-network of the power system. The goal of this attack is to overload a chosen target line without being…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-05-03 Jiazi Zhang , Zhigang Chu , Lalitha Sankar , Oliver Kosut

This paper presents a novel data-driven framework to aid in system state estimation when the power system is under unobservable false data injection attacks. The proposed framework dynamically detects and classifies false data injection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Ehsan Hallaji , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Meng Wang , Mehrdad Saif , Bruce Fardanesh

An unobservable false data injection (FDI) attack on AC state estimation (SE) is introduced and its consequences on the physical system are studied. With a focus on understanding the physical consequences of FDI attacks, a bi-level…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Jingwen Liang , Lalitha Sankar , Oliver Kosut

Modern urban railways extensively use computerized sensing and control technologies to achieve safe, reliable, and well-timed operations. However, the use of these technologies may provide a convenient leverage to cyber-attackers who have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Subhash Lakshminarayana , Teo Zhan Teng , Rui Tan , David K. Y. Yau

This paper presents a hybrid data-driven physics model-based framework for real time monitoring in smart grids. As the power grid transitions to the use of smart grid technology, it's real time monitoring becomes more vulnerable to cyber…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-28 Cody Ruben , Surya Dhulipala , Keerthiraj Nagaraj , Sheng Zou , Allen Starke , Arturo Bretas , Alina Zare , Janise McNair

As power systems evolve with increased integration of renewable energy sources, they become more complex and vulnerable to both cyber and physical threats. This study validates a centralized Dynamic State Estimation (DSE) algorithm designed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Emad Abukhousa , Syed Sohail Feroz Syed Afroz , Fahad Alsaeed , Abdulaziz Qwbaiban , A. P. Sakis Meliopoulos

Closed-loop control systems employ continuous sensing and actuation to maintain controlled variables within preset bounds and achieve the desired system output. Intentional disturbances in the system, such as in the case of cyberattacks,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-21 Vuk Lesi , Marcio Juliato , Shabbir Ahmed , Christopher Gutierrez , Qian Wang , Manoj Sastry

In this paper, we consider a hierarchical control based DC microgrid (DCmG) equipped with unknown input observer (UIO) based detectors, where the potential false data injection (FDI) attacks and the distributed countermeasure are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-29 Mengxiang Liu , Peng Cheng , Chengcheng Zhao , Ruilong Deng , Wenhai Wang , Jiming Chen

In this paper a new class of cyber attacks against state estimation in the electric power grid is considered. This class of attacks is named false data injection attacks. We show that with the knowledge of the system configuration an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Muneer Mohammad

A class of data integrity attack, known as false data injection (FDI) attack, has been studied with a considerable amount of work. It has shown that with perfect knowledge of the system model and the capability to manipulate a certain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Kaikai Pan , André Teixeira , Milos Cvetkovic , Peter Palensky

Detection of cyber attacks in smart power distribution grids with unbalanced configurations poses challenges due to the inherent nonlinear nature of these uncertain and stochastic systems. It originates from the intermittent characteristics…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Mehdi Jabbari Zideh , Mohammad Reza Khalghani , Sarika Khushalani Solanki

Security related questions for Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) have attracted much research attention in searching for novel methods for attack-resilient control and/or estimation. Specifically, false data injection attacks (FDIAs) have been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-23 Yu Zheng , Olugbenga Moses Anubi

Automatic generation control (AGC) systems play a crucial role in maintaining system frequency across power grids. However, AGC systems' reliance on communicated measurements exposes them to false data injection attacks (FDIAs), which can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Nour M. Shabar , Ahmad Mohammad Saber , Deepa Kundur

This paper assesses the resilience of IEC 61850 digital substations under False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs) targeting the Sampled Values (SV) protocol. The multicast nature of SV, while enabling time-critical automation, exposes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Denys Mishchenko , Irina Oleinikova , Laszlo Erdodi

This paper addresses the problem of detecting false data injection (FDI) attacks in a distributed network without a fusion center, represented by a connected graph among multiple agent nodes. Each agent node is equipped with a sensor, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-16 Saqib Abbas Baba , Arpan Chattopadhyay

This paper introduces a novel two-stage framework for online mitigation of False Data Injection (FDI) signals to improve the resiliency of Networked Control Systems (NCSs) and ensure their safe operation in the presence of malicious…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Mohammadamin Lari

Machine learning (ML)-based detectors have been shown to be effective in detecting stealthy false data injection attacks (FDIAs) that can bypass conventional bad data detectors (BDDs) in power systems. However, ML models are also vulnerable…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-07 Yexiang Chen , Subhash Lakshminarayana , H. Vincent Poor

False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs) pose severe security risks to smart grids by manipulating measurement data collected from spatially distributed devices such as SCADA systems and PMUs. These measurements typically exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yunfeng Li , Junhong Liu , Zhaohui Yang , Guofu Liao , Chuyun Zhang