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Answering complex medical questions requires not only domain expertise and patient-specific information, but also structured and multi-perspective reasoning. Existing multi-agent approaches often rely on fixed roles or shallow interaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Siqi Ma , Jiajie Huang , Fan Zhang , Yue Shen , Jinlin Wu , Guohui Fan , Zhu Zhang , Zelin Zang

Lead optimization in drug discovery requires improving therapeutic properties while ensuring that molecular modifications correspond to feasible synthetic routes. Existing approaches either prioritize property scores without enforcing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Tao Li , Kaiyuan Hou , Tuan Vinh , Monika Raj , Zhichun Guo , Carl Yang

Chemical reasoning inherently integrates visual, textual, and symbolic modalities, yet existing benchmarks rarely capture this complexity, often relying on simple image-text pairs with limited chemical semantics. As a result, the actual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zhiyuan Huang , Baichuan Yang , Zikun He , Yanhong Wu , Fang Hongyu , Zhenhe Liu , Lin Dongsheng , Bing Su

Recent reasoning-based large language models have shown strong performance on tasks with verifiable outcomes, but their use in de novo molecular generation remains limited by the lack of training environments where rewards can be computed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Philippe Formont , Maxime Darrin , Ismail Ben Ayed , Pablo Piantanida

Masked diffusion language models (MDLMs) are trained to in-fill positions in randomly masked sequences, in contrast to next-token prediction models. Discussions around MDLMs focus on two benefits: (1) any-order decoding and 2) multi-token…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Zachary Horvitz , Raghav Singhal , Hao Zou , Carles Domingo-Enrich , Zhou Yu , Rajesh Ranganath , Kathleen McKeown

Large language model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable potential in advancing scientific discovery. However, their capability in the fundamental yet crucial task of reproducing code from research papers, especially in the NLP…

The reasoning capabilities of LLM (Large Language Model) are widely acknowledged in recent research, inspiring studies on tool learning and autonomous agents. LLM serves as the "brain" of the agent, orchestrating multiple tools for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Xiangyan Liu , Rongxue Li , Wei Ji , Tao Lin

Large language models (LLMs) integrated with autonomous agents hold significant potential for advancing scientific discovery through automated reasoning and task execution. However, applying LLM agents to drug discovery is still constrained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kun Li , Zhennan Wu , Shoupeng Wang , Jia Wu , Shirui Pan , Wenbin Hu

Optimizing black-box functions is a fundamental problem in science and engineering. To solve this problem, many approaches learn a surrogate function that estimates the underlying objective from limited historical evaluations. Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Tung Nguyen , Aditya Grover

MolProphecy is a human-in-the-loop (HITL) multi-modal framework designed to integrate chemists' domain knowledge into molecular property prediction models. While molecular pre-trained models have enabled significant gains in predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jianping Zhao , Qiong Zhou , Tian Wang , Yusi Fan , Qian Yang , Li Jiao , Chang Liu , Zhehao Guo , Qi Lu , Fengfeng Zhou , Ruochi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance but often lack interpretable reasoning. This paper introduces the Multi-Agent Collaboration Framework for Diverse Thinking Modes (DiMo), which enhances both performance and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zhixuan He , Yue Feng

Despite impressive progress on complex reasoning, current large language models (LLMs) typically operate in isolation - treating each problem as an independent attempt, without accumulating or integrating experiential knowledge. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Md Tanzib Hosain , Salman Rahman , Md Kishor Morol , Md Rizwan Parvez

Large language models (LLMs) serve as an active and promising field of generative artificial intelligence and have demonstrated abilities to perform complex tasks in multiple domains, including mathematical and scientific reasoning. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ao Cheng , Lei Zhang , Guowei He

Recent advancements in biology and chemistry have leveraged multi-modal learning, integrating molecules and their natural language descriptions to enhance drug discovery. However, current pre-training frameworks are limited to two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Teng Xiao , Chao Cui , Huaisheng Zhu , Vasant G. Honavar

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown significant progress, approaching human perception levels. In this work, we demonstrate that despite these advances, LLMs still struggle to reason using molecular structural information.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yunhui Jang , Jaehyung Kim , Sungsoo Ahn

In this paper we introduce ResearchCodeAgent, a novel multi-agent system leveraging large language models (LLMs) agents to automate the codification of research methodologies described in machine learning literature. The system bridges the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Shubham Gandhi , Dhruv Shah , Manasi Patwardhan , Lovekesh Vig , Gautam Shroff

Molecular Relational Learning (MRL) aims to understand interactions between molecular pairs, playing a critical role in advancing biochemical research. With the recent development of large language models (LLMs), a growing number of studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhuo Chen , Yizhen Zheng , Huan Yee Koh , Hongxin Xiang , Linjiang Chen , Wenjie Du , Yang Wang

Mathematical reasoning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs), yet achieving high performance in this domain remains a significant challenge. The auto-regressive generation process often makes LLMs susceptible to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xiaoxuan Lou , Chaojie Wang , Bo An

Chemical language models (CLMs) are prominent for their effectiveness in exploring chemical space and enabling molecular engineering. However, while exploring chemical-linguistic space, CLMs suffer from the gap between natural language and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Liuzhenghao Lv , Hao Li , Yu Wang , Zhiyuan Yan , Zijun Chen , Zongying Lin , Li Yuan , Yonghong Tian

Pre-trained on extensive text and image corpora, current Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLM) have shown strong capabilities in general visual reasoning tasks. However, their performance is still lacking in physical domains that require…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Erle Zhu , Yadi Liu , Zhe Zhang , Xujun Li , Jin Zhou , Xinjie Yu , Minlie Huang , Hongning Wang
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