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Firmware updates remain the primary line of defense for IoT devices; however, the update channel itself has become a well-established attack vector. Existing defenses mainly focus on securing monolithic firmware images, leaving module-level…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Weihao Chen , Yansong Gao , Boyu Kuang , Jin B. Hong , Yuqing Zhang , Anmin Fu

Verification and validation (V&V) of autonomous vehicles (AVs) typically requires exhaustive testing across a variety of operating environments and driving scenarios including rare, extreme, or hazardous situations that might be difficult…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak , Giovanni Martino , Pranav Nair , Venkat Krovi

The paradigm shift of enabling extensive intercommunication between the Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) devices allows vulnerabilities typical to the IT world to propagate to the OT side. Therefore, the security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Prashant Hari Narayan Rajput , Constantine Doumanidis , Michail Maniatakos

The dependency on the correct functioning of embedded systems is rapidly growing, mainly due to their wide range of applications, such as micro-grids, automotive device control, health care, surveillance, mobile devices, and consumer…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-03-01 Lucas Cordeiro

Complex electronic control unit (ECU) architectures, software models and in-vehicle networks are consistently improving safety and comfort functions in modern vehicles. However, the extended functionality and increased connectivity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Changhong Li , Shashwat Khandelwal , Shreejith Shanker

Modern vehicles are equipped with numerous in-vehicle components that interact with the external environment through remote communications and services, such as Bluetooth and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. These components form a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ayan Roy , Jeetkumar Patel , Rik Chakraborti , Shudip Datta

A hot fix is an unplanned improvement to a specific time-critical issue deployed to a software system in production. While hot fixing is an essential and common activity in software maintenance, it has never been surveyed as a research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Carol Hanna , David Clark , Federica Sarro , Justyna Petke

Recent attacks exploiting errors in smart contract code had devastating consequences thereby questioning the benefits of this technology. It is currently highly challenging to fix errors and deploy a patched contract in time. Instant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Michael Rodler , Wenting Li , Ghassan O. Karame , Lucas Davi

Fuzzing has emerged as a powerful technique for finding security bugs in complicated real-world applications. American fuzzy lop (AFL), a leading fuzzing tool, has demonstrated its powerful bug finding ability through a vast number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Tai D. Nguyen , Long H. Pham , Jun Sun

Existing high-end embedded systems face frequent security attacks. Software compartmentalization is one technique to limit the attacks' effects to the compromised compartment and not the entire system. Unfortunately, the existing…

The rapid expansion of connected devices has amplified the need for robust and scalable security frameworks. This paper proposes a holistic approach to securing network-connected devices, covering essential layers: hardware, firmware,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Khan Reaz , Gerhard Wunder

In many retrieval systems the original high dimensional data (e.g., images) is mapped to a lower dimensional feature through a learned embedding model. The task of retrieving the most similar data from a gallery set to a given query data is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Florian Jaeckle , Fartash Faghri , Ali Farhadi , Oncel Tuzel , Hadi Pouransari

Typical design flows are hierarchical and rely on assembling many individual technology elements from standard cells to complete boards. Providers use compact models to provide simplified views of their products to their users. Designers…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Dan Alexandrescu , Aneesh Balakrishnan , Thomas Lange , Maximilien Glorieux

Firmware serves as the critical interface between hardware and software in computing systems, making any bugs or vulnerabilities particularly dangerous as they can cause catastrophic system failures. While fuzzing is a promising approach…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dakshina Tharindu , Aruna Jayasena , Prabhat Mishra

Crash consistency is essential for applications that must persist data. Crash-consistency testing has been commonly applied to find crash-consistency bugs in applications. The crash-state space grows exponentially as the number of…

Ensuring the reliability and security of smart inverters that provide the interface between distributed energy resources (DERs) and the power grid becomes paramount with the surge in integrating DERs into the (smart) power grid. Despite the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Thusitha Dayaratne , Carsten Rudolph , Tom Shirley , Sol Levi , David Shirley

For intelligent vehicles, sensing the 3D environment is the first but crucial step. In this paper, we build a real-time advanced driver assistance system based on a low-power mobile platform. The system is a real-time multi-scheme…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Qiwei Xie , Qian Long , Liming Zhang , Zhao Sun

The automotive domain rapidly increases the embedded amount of complex and interconnected electronics systems. A considerable proportion of them are real-time safety-critical devices and must be protected against cybersecurity attacks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Cristiano Pegoraro Chenet , Alessandro Savino , Stefano di Carlo

The increased adoption of smart contracts in many industries has made them an attractive target for cybercriminals, leading to millions of dollars in losses. Thus, deploying smart contracts with detected vulnerabilities (known to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Pengcheng , Peng , Yun , Qingzhao , Tao , Dawn , Prateek , Sanjeev , Zhuotao , Xusheng

There has been a tremendous rise in technological advances in the field of automobiles and autonomous vehicles. With the increase in the number of driven vehicles, the safety concerns with the same have also risen. The cases of accidents…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Abhishek Das , Vivek Dhuri , Aditya Desai , Suyash Ail , Ameya Kadam