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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agentic systems that plan, memorize, and act in open-world environments. This shift brings new security problems: failures are no longer only unsafe text generation, but can become…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhihang Deng , Jiaping Gui , Weinan Zhang

Agents built on LLMs are increasingly deployed across diverse domains, automating complex decision-making and task execution. However, their autonomy introduces safety risks, including security vulnerabilities, legal violations, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Haoyu Wang , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jun Sun

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly being deployed as conversational assistants capable of performing complex real-world tasks through tool integration. This enhanced ability to interact with external systems and process…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Feiran Jia , Tong Wu , Xin Qin , Anna Squicciarini

The rapid evolution of GUI-enabled agents has rendered traditional CAPTCHAs obsolete. While previous benchmarks like OpenCaptchaWorld established a baseline for evaluating multimodal agents, recent advancements in reasoning-heavy models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jiacheng Liu , Yaxin Luo , Jiacheng Cui , Xinyi Shang , Xiaohan Zhao , Zhiqiang Shen

Building and evaluating enterprise AI systems requires synthetic organizational corpora that are internally consistent, temporally structured, and cross-artifact traceable. Existing corpora either carry legal constraints or inherit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Jeffrey Flynt

Agentic AI systems -- Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with planning, tool use, memory, and long-horizon interactions -- can execute complex tasks autonomously, but their multi-step trajectories introduce new failure modes that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinhu Qi , Muzhi Li , Jiahong Liu , Yuqin Shu , Dianzhi Yu , Shicheng Ma , Wenqian Cui , Yiyang Zhao , Yiyi Chen , Ruoxi Jiang , Irwin King , Zenglin Xu

Rust is a modern systems language focused on performance and reliability. Complementing Rust's promise to provide "fearless concurrency", developers frequently exploit asynchronous message passing. Unfortunately, arbitrarily ordering…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Zak Cutner , Nobuko Yoshida , Martin Vassor

In recent years, Large-Language-Model-driven AI agents have exhibited unprecedented intelligence and adaptability. Nowadays, agents are undergoing a new round of evolution. They no longer act as an isolated island like LLMs. Instead, they…

The widespread availability of open-source repositories has led to a vast collection of reusable software components, yet their utilization remains manual, error-prone, and disconnected. Developers must navigate documentation, understand…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Linyao Chen , Zimian Peng , Yingxuan Yang , Yikun Wang , Wenzheng Tom Tang , Hiroki H. Kobayashi , Weinan Zhang

Tool-augmented LLM agents introduce security risks that extend beyond user-input filtering, including indirect prompt injection through fetched content, unsafe tool execution, credential leakage, and tampering with local control files. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Frank Li

Data lakehouses run sensitive workloads, where AI-driven automation raises concerns about trust, correctness, and governance. We argue that API-first, programmable lakehouses provide the right abstractions for safe-by-design, agentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jacopo Tagliabue , Ciro Greco

This paper presents AgentFlow, a MAS-based framework for programmable distributed systems in heterogeneous cloud-edge environments. It introduces logistics objects and abstract agent interfaces to enable dynamic service flows and modular…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Ching Han Chen , Ming Fang Shiu

Tool calling agents are an emerging paradigm in LLM deployment, with major platforms such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini adding connectors and autonomous capabilities. However, the inherent unreliability of LLMs introduces fundamental…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Jinhao Zhu , Kevin Tseng , Gil Vernik , Xiao Huang , Shishir G. Patil , Vivian Fang , Raluca Ada Popa

In the shared variable model of concurrency, guarded atomic actions restrict the possible interference between processes by regions of atomic execution. The guard specifies the condition for entering an atomic region. That is a convenient…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Shucai Yao , Emil Sekerinski

Autonomous LLM agents fail because long-horizon policy remains implicit in model weights and transcripts, while safety is retrofitted post hoc. We propose Traversal-as-Policy: distill sandboxed OpenHands execution logs into a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Peiran Li , Jiashuo Sun , Fangzhou Lin , Shuo Xing , Tianfu Fu , Suofei Feng , Chaoqun Ni , Zhengzhong Tu

Large language model (LLM)-based AI agents extend LLM capabilities by enabling access to tools such as data sources, APIs, search engines, code sandboxes, and even other agents. While this empowers agents to perform complex tasks, LLMs may…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Aarya Doshi , Yining Hong , Congying Xu , Eunsuk Kang , Alexandros Kapravelos , Christian Kästner

Agentic AI applications increasingly rely on multiple agents with distinct roles, specialized tools, and access to memory layers to solve complex tasks -- closely resembling service-oriented architectures. Yet, in the rapid evolving…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Alessandro Cornacchia , Vaastav Anand , Muhammad Bilal , Zafar Qazi , Marco Canini

Large language model (LLM)-based agents combine LLMs with external tools to automate tasks such as scheduling meetings, managing documents, or booking travel. While these integrations unlock powerful capabilities, they also create new and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jonathan Evertz , Merlin Chlosta , Lea Schönherr , Thorsten Eisenhofer

Agentic large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated on cybersecurity tasks using capture-the-flag (CTF) benchmarks, yet existing pointwise benchmarks offer limited insight into agent robustness and generalisation across…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Shahin Honarvar , Amber Gorzynski , James Lee-Jones , Harry Coppock , Marek Rei , Joseph Ryan , Alastair F. Donaldson

Embodied Large Language Models (LLMs) enable AI agents to interact with the physical world through natural language instructions and actions. However, beyond the language-level risks inherent to LLMs themselves, embodied LLMs with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xinyu Huang , Qiang Yang , Leming Shen , Zijing Ma , Yuanqing Zheng