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AI agents, specifically powered by large language models, have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various applications where precision and efficacy are necessary. However, these agents come with inherent risks, including the potential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ishaan Domkundwar , Mukunda N S , Ishaan Bhola , Riddhik Kochhar

LLM-based agentic systems are rapidly evolving to perform complex autonomous tasks through dynamic tool invocation, stateful memory management, and multi-agent collaboration. However, this semantics-driven execution paradigm creates a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Chaofan Li , Lyuye Zhang , Jintao Zhai , Siyue Feng , Xichun Yang , Huahao Wang , Shihan Dou , Yu Ji , Yutao Hu , Yueming Wu , Yang Liu , Deqing Zou

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents are an emerging computing paradigm that blends generative machine learning with tools such as code interpreters, web browsing, email, and more generally, external resources. These agent-based systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Xiaohan Fu , Shuheng Li , Zihan Wang , Yihao Liu , Rajesh K. Gupta , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Earlence Fernandes

As AI agents become increasingly autonomous and capable, ensuring their security against vulnerabilities such as prompt injection becomes critical. This paper explores the use of information-flow control (IFC) to provide security guarantees…

AI coding agents operate directly on users' filesystems, where they regularly corrupt data, delete files, and leak secrets. Current approaches force a tradeoff between safety and autonomy: unrestricted access risks harm, while frequent…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Shawn Wanxiang Zhong , Junxuan Liao , Jing Liu , Mai Zheng , Andrea C. Arpaci-Dusseau , Remzi H. Arpaci-Dusseau

Agentic AI coding systems can inspect repositories, plan implementation steps, edit files, call tools, run tests, and submit pull requests. These capabilities make software and hardware development faster in some settings, but current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Christopher Koch

Verifiable delegation in digital identity systems remains unresolved across centralized, federated, and self-sovereign identity (SSI) environments, particularly where both human users and autonomous AI agents must exercise and transfer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 David Ricardo Saavedra

As Large Language Model (LLM) agents become more capable, their coordinated use in the form of multi-agent systems is anticipated to emerge as a practical paradigm. Prior work has examined the safety and misuse risks associated with agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Akshat Naik , Jay Culligan , Yarin Gal , Philip Torr , Rahaf Aljundi , Alasdair Paren , Adel Bibi

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) has significantly enhanced their collaborative problem-solving capabilities, but it has also expanded their attack surfaces, exposing them to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Pablo Mateo-Torrejón , Alfonso Sánchez-Macián

Recent autonomous AI agents such as Codex, and Claude Code have made it increasingly practical for users to delegate complex tasks, including writing emails, executing code, issuing shell commands, and carrying out multi-step plans.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haomin Zhuang , Hanwen Xing , Xiangliang Zhang

The advancement of natural language processing (NLP) has been significantly boosted by the development of transformer-based large language models (LLMs). These models have revolutionized NLP tasks, particularly in code generation, aiding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Dong Huang , Jie M. Zhang , Michael Luck , Qingwen Bu , Yuhao Qing , Heming Cui

We identify and formalize a novel security risk: Context-Fragmented Violations (CFVs) - a class of policy breaches where individual agent actions appear locally safe and reasonable, yet collectively violate organizational policies because…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jie Wu , Ming Gong

The emergence of autonomous Large Language Model (LLM) agents capable of tool usage has introduced new safety risks that go beyond traditional conversational misuse. These agents, empowered to execute external functions, are vulnerable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Zeyang Sha , Hanling Tian , Zhuoer Xu , Shiwen Cui , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang

Security policy enforcement in contemporary agentic systems predominantly consists of embedding natural-language policies within an agent's system prompt and delegating compliance to the agent's reasoning. This approach admits no formal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Nils Palumbo , Sarthak Choudhary , Jihye Choi , Guy Amir , Prasad Chalasani , Somesh Jha

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed communication, yet their role in secure messaging remains underexplored, especially in surveillance-heavy environments. At the same time, many governments all over the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Danilo Gligoroski , Mayank Raikwar , Sonu Kumar Jha

Autonomous agents powered by foundation models have seen widespread adoption across various real-world applications. However, they remain highly vulnerable to malicious instructions and attacks, which can result in severe consequences such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhaorun Chen , Mintong Kang , Bo Li

This paper introduces the Generative Application Firewall (GAF), a new architectural layer for securing LLM applications. Existing defenses -- prompt filters, guardrails, and data-masking -- remain fragmented; GAF unifies them into a single…

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), LLM-based agents exhibit exceptional abilities in understanding and generating natural language, enabling human-like collaboration and information transmission in LLM-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hailong Yang , Renhuo Zhao , Guanjin Wang , Zhaohong Deng

The eBPF framework enables execution of user-provided code in the Linux kernel. In the last few years, a large ecosystem of cloud services has leveraged eBPF to enhance container security, system observability, and network management.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Soo Yee Lim , Tanya Prasad , Xueyuan Han , Thomas Pasquier

The continuously advancing digitization has provided answers to the bureaucratic problems faced by eGovernance services. This innovation led them to an era of automation it has broadened the attack surface and made them a popular target for…