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Related papers: Greening AI Inference with Accuracy and Latency-aw…

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The significant carbon footprint of the ICT sector calls for methodologies to contain carbon emissions of running software. This article proposes a novel framework for implementing, configuring and assessing carbon-aware interactive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Stefano Forti , Jacopo Soldani , Antonio Brogi

As the climate crisis deepens, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a contested force: some champion its potential to advance renewable energy, materials discovery, and large-scale emissions monitoring, while others underscore its…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Alexandra Sasha Luccioni , Emma Strubell , Kate Crawford

Reliable inference requires that artificial intelligence (AI) models provide trustworthy uncertainty estimates, not merely accurate predictions. Recent advances in Bayesian learning have made significant progress toward this goal, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiayi Huang

This paper investigates the optimal allocation of large language model (LLM) inference workloads across heterogeneous edge data centers over time. Each data center features on-site renewable generation and faces dynamic electricity prices…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Jiaming Cheng , Duong Tung Nguyen

In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have grown in size and complexity, driving greater demand for computational power and natural resources. In parallel to this trend, transparency around the costs and impacts of these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Sasha Luccioni , Boris Gamazaychikov , Theo Alves da Costa , Emma Strubell

The network edge's role in Artificial Intelligence (AI) inference processing is rapidly expanding, driven by a plethora of applications seeking computational advantages. These applications strive for data-driven efficiency, leveraging…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Roberto Morabito , Mallik Tatipamula , Sasu Tarkoma , Mung Chiang

The progress of some AI paradigms such as deep learning is said to be linked to an exponential growth in the number of parameters. There are many studies corroborating these trends, but does this translate into an exponential increase in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Radosvet Desislavov , Fernando Martínez-Plumed , José Hernández-Orallo

Background: The construction, evolution and usage of complex artificial intelligence (AI) models demand expensive computational resources. While currently available high-performance computing environments support well this complexity, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Roger Creus Castanyer , Silverio Martínez-Fernández , Xavier Franch

Accurate reporting of energy and carbon usage is essential for understanding the potential climate impacts of machine learning research. We introduce a framework that makes this easier by providing a simple interface for tracking realtime…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Peter Henderson , Jieru Hu , Joshua Romoff , Emma Brunskill , Dan Jurafsky , Joelle Pineau

Large language models have become central to many AI applications, but their growing energy consumption raises serious sustainability concerns. A key limitation in current AI deployments is the reliance on a one-size-fits-all inference…

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes integral to economy and society, communication gaps between developers, users, and stakeholders hinder trust and informed decision-making. High-level AI labels, inspired by frameworks like EU energy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Raphael Fischer , Magdalena Wischnewski , Alexander van der Staay , Katharina Poitz , Christian Janiesch , Thomas Liebig

As AI assistants become commonplace in daily life, the demand for solutions that reduce the cost of inference without sacrificing utility is increasing. Existing work on AI sustainability frequently emphasizes hardware and software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Madeline Jennings , Novarun Deb , Ronnie de Souza Santos

Powerful foundation models, including large language models (LLMs), with Transformer architectures have ushered in a new era of Generative AI across various industries. Industry and research community have witnessed a large number of new…

As machine learning (ML) continues its rapid expansion, the environmental cost of model training and inference has become a critical societal concern. Existing benchmarks overwhelmingly focus on standard performance metrics such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 KC Santosh , Srikanth Baride , Rodrigue Rizk

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) technology is revolutionizing the computing industry. Not only its applications have broadened to various sectors but also poses new system design and optimization opportunities. The technology is…

In the quest to enable robots to coexist with humans, understanding dynamic situations and selecting appropriate actions based on common sense and affordances are essential. Conventional AI systems face challenges in applying affordance, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Kazuma Arii , Satoshi Kurihara

Given the growing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods across all aspects of environmental sciences, it is imperative that we initiate a discussion about the ethical and responsible use of AI. In fact, much…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Amy McGovern , Imme Ebert-Uphoff , David John Gagne , Ann Bostrom

Throughout its lifecycle, a large language model (LLM) generates a substantially larger carbon footprint during inference than training. LLM inference requests vary in batch size, prompt length, and token generation number, while cloud…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Zhenxiao Fu , Fan Chen , Shan Zhou , Haitong Li , Lei Jiang

Environmental sustainability, particularly in relation to climate change, is a key concern for consumers, producers, and policymakers. The carbon footprint, based on greenhouse gas emissions, is a standard metric for quantifying the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Mustafa Kaan Aslan , Reinout Heijungs , Filip Ilievski

The environmental impact of Large Language Models (LLMs) is rising significantly, with inference now accounting for more than half of their total lifecycle carbon emissions. However, existing simulation frameworks, which are increasingly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Miray Özcan , Philipp Wiesner , Philipp Weiß , Odej Kao