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Related papers: SPEAR: Code-Augmented Agentic Prompt Optimization

200 papers

Large Language Model (LLM)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for tackling complex, multi-step tasks across diverse domains. However, despite their impressive capabilities, MAS remain susceptible to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Shen Dong , Mingxuan Zhang , Pengfei He , Li Ma , Bhavani Thuraisingham , Hui Liu , Yue Xing

Spelling taught through memorization often fails many learners, particularly children with language-based learning disorders who struggle with the phonological skills necessary to spell words accurately. Educators such as speech-language…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Momin N. Siddiqui , Vincent Cavez , Sahana Rangasrinivasan , Abbie Olszewski , Srirangaraj Setlur , Maneesh Agrawala , Hari Subramonyam

Large-scale multilingual ASR models like Whisper excel in high-resource settings but face challenges in low-resource scenarios, such as rare languages and code-switching (CS), due to computational costs and catastrophic forgetting. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Hongli Yang , Yizhou Peng , Hao Huang , Sheng Li

Small language models (SLMs) offer compelling advantages in cost, latency, and adaptability, but have so far lagged behind larger models on long-horizon software engineering tasks such as SWE-bench, where they suffer from pervasive action…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Patrick Tser Jern Kon , Archana Pradeep , Ang Chen , Alexander P. Ellis , Warren Hunt , Zijian Wang , John Yang , Samuel Thompson

The ability to extract value from historical data is essential for enterprise decision-making. However, much of this information remains inaccessible within large legacy file systems that lack structured organization and semantic indexing,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Duy A. Nguyen , Hai H. Do , Minh Doan , Minh N. Do

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong potential for automated code generation, yet their ability to iteratively refine solutions using execution feedback remains underexplored. Competitive programming offers an ideal testbed for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Anika Tabassum , Md Sifat Hossain , Md. Fahim Arefin , Tariqul Islam , Tarannum Shaila Zaman

Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques typically rely on a given test-suite to guide the repair process. Apart from the need to provide test oracles, this makes the produced patches prone to test data over-fitting. In this work, instead…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yuntong Zhang , Andreea Costea , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Davin McCall , Abhik Roychoudhury

Symbolic regression (SR) aims to discover interpretable analytical expressions that accurately describe observed data. Amortized SR promises to be much more efficient than the predominant genetic programming SR methods, but currently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Paul Saegert , Ullrich Köthe

Automated Program Repair (APR) is essential for ensuring software reliability and quality while enhancing efficiency and reducing developers' workload. Although rule-based and learning-based APR methods have demonstrated their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hanyang Guo , Xiaoheng Xie , Hong-Ning Dai , Peng Di , Yu Zhang , Bishenghui Tao , Zibin Zheng

We present SLEAN (Simple Lightweight Ensemble Analysis Network), a deterministic framework for coordinating multiple LLM providers through text-based prompt orchestration. Unlike complex multi-agent systems requiring specialized…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Matheus J. T. Vargas

Large reasoning models improve with more test-time computation, but often overthink, producing unnecessarily long chains-of-thought that raise cost without improving accuracy. Prior reinforcement learning approaches typically rely on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xintong Li , Sha Li , Rongmei Lin , Hongye Jin , Linwei Li , Hejie Cui , Sarah Zhang , Chia-Yuan Chang , Kewei Cheng , Besnik Fetahu , Priyanka Nigam , Jingbo Shang , Bing Yin

Automated scoring plays a crucial role in education by reducing the reliance on human raters, offering scalable and immediate evaluation of student work. While large language models (LLMs) have shown strong potential in this task, their use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yun Wang , Zhaojun Ding , Xuansheng Wu , Siyue Sun , Ninghao Liu , Xiaoming Zhai

Transformer-based large-scale pre-trained models achieve great success. Fine-tuning is the standard practice for leveraging these models in downstream tasks. Among the fine-tuning methods, adapter-tuning provides a parameter-efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Hyegang Son , Yonglak Son , Changhoon Kim , Young Geun Kim

An increasing number of NLP applications interact with large language models (LLMs) through black-box APIs, making prompt engineering critical for controlling model outputs. While recent Automatic Prompt Optimization (APO) methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 MohammadReza Davari , Utkarsh Garg , Weixin Cai , Eugene Belilovsky

Building a good predictive model requires an array of activities such as data imputation, feature transformations, estimator selection, hyper-parameter search and ensemble construction. Given the large, complex and heterogenous space of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Udayan Khurana , Horst Samulowitz

Answer Set Programming (ASP) has emerged as a promising paradigm in knowledge representation and automated reasoning owing to its ability to model hard combinatorial problems from diverse domains in a natural way. Building on advances in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Mohimenul Kabir , Supratik Chakraborty , Kuldeep S Meel

Automatic prompt optimization (APO) has driven significant gains in LLM-based agentic workflows. However, existing methods treat each task's prompt as a monolithic, instance-blind string optimized through global edits, producing brittle…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jyotirmoy Nath , Neeraj Kumar , Brejesh Lall

Python is widely used for agent-based modelling because it is accessible and has a mature scientific ecosystem, but object-per-agent execution incurs interpreter overhead that restricts the population sizes feasible in interactive…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Anh-Duy Pham

We show that, in many settings, the worst-case performance of a distributed optimization algorithm is independent of the number of agents in the system, and can thus be computed in the fundamental case with just two agents. This result…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Sebastien Colla , Julien M. Hendrickx

Effective prompt engineering remains a central challenge in fully harnessing the capabilities of LLMs. While well-designed prompts can dramatically enhance performance, crafting them typically demands expert intuition and a nuanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Paweł Batorski , Adrian Kosmala , Paul Swoboda